【其他行業(yè)】

各位代表：

Esteemed Deputies,

現(xiàn)在，我代表國務(wù)院，向大會(huì)報(bào)告政府工作，請予審議，并請全國政協(xié)各位委員提出意見。

On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval. I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、2015年工作回顧

過去一年，我國發(fā)展面臨多重困難和嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。在以習(xí)近平同志為總書記的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，全國各族人民以堅(jiān)定的信心和非凡的勇氣，攻堅(jiān)克難，開拓進(jìn)取，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展穩(wěn)中有進(jìn)、穩(wěn)中有好，完成了全年主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)，改革開放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的重大成就。

Let me start with a review of the work we did in 2015.

In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development. However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have pressed ahead with a pioneering spirit. As a result, progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.

——經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行保持在合理區(qū)間。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值達(dá)到67.7萬億元，增長6.9%，在世界主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體中位居前列。糧食產(chǎn)量實(shí)現(xiàn)“十二連增”，居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅保持較低水平。特別是就業(yè)形勢總體穩(wěn)定，城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1312萬人，超過全年預(yù)期目標(biāo)，成為經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的一大亮點(diǎn)。

– The economy operated within an appropriate range.

GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over the previous year-a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies. Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row. Consumer prices grew slowly. Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpassing the year’s target and becoming an economic highlight.

——結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整取得積極進(jìn)展。服務(wù)業(yè)在國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占據(jù)“半壁江山”。消費(fèi)對經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)到66.4%。高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)和裝備制造業(yè)增速快于一般工業(yè)。單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降5.6%。

– Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment.

The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time. The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%. High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries. Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.

——發(fā)展新動(dòng)能加快成長。創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略持續(xù)推進(jìn)，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與各行業(yè)加速融合，新興產(chǎn)業(yè)快速增長。大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新蓬勃發(fā)展，全年新登記注冊企業(yè)增長21.6%，平均每天新增1.2萬戶。新動(dòng)能對穩(wěn)就業(yè)、促升級發(fā)揮了突出作用，正在推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)生深刻變革。

– New driving forces for development grew rapidly.

Further progress was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development, the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly. Business startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businesses rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day. New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.

——人民生活進(jìn)一步改善。全國居民人均可支配收入實(shí)際增長7.4%，快于經(jīng)濟(jì)增速。去年末居民儲蓄存款余額增長8.5%，新增4萬多億元。又解決6434萬農(nóng)村人口飲水安全問題。扶貧攻堅(jiān)力度加大，農(nóng)村貧困人口減少1442萬人。

– Living standards improved.

Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy. By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan. In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.

科技領(lǐng)域一批創(chuàng)新成果達(dá)到國際先進(jìn)水平，第三代核電技術(shù)取得重大進(jìn)展，國產(chǎn)C919大型客機(jī)總裝下線，屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。對我國發(fā)展取得的成就，全國各族人民倍感振奮和自豪！

A number of world-class innovations were made in science and technology. Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China’s self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the assembly line, and Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.

回顧過去一年，成績來之不易。這些成績，是在極為復(fù)雜嚴(yán)峻的國際環(huán)境中取得的。去年世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增速為6年來最低，國際貿(mào)易增速更低，大宗商品價(jià)格深度下跌，國際金融市場震蕩加劇，對我國經(jīng)濟(jì)造成直接沖擊和影響。這些成績，是在國內(nèi)深層次矛盾凸顯、經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力加大的情況下取得的。面對“三期疊加”的局面，經(jīng)濟(jì)工作遇到不少兩難甚至多難問題，需要遠(yuǎn)近結(jié)合，趨利避害，有效應(yīng)對。這些成績，是在我國經(jīng)濟(jì)總量超過60萬億元的高基數(shù)上取得的?，F(xiàn)在國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值每增長1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)的增量，相當(dāng)于5年前1.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)、10年前2.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)的增量。經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模越大，增長難度隨之增加。在困難和壓力面前，全國各族人民付出了極大辛勞，一步一步走了過來。這再次表明，任何艱難險(xiǎn)阻都擋不住中國發(fā)展前行的步伐！

These achievements in China’s development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.

They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment. In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market. All this had a direct impact on China’s economy.

They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward pressure on the economy was mounting. While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm.

Finally, they were made at a time when China’s economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan. Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago. The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth.

In the face of these difficulties and pressures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progressed step by step to get us where we are today. This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.

一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:

一是著力穩(wěn)增長調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)防風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控方式。為應(yīng)對持續(xù)加大的經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力，我們在區(qū)間調(diào)控基礎(chǔ)上，實(shí)施定向調(diào)控和相機(jī)調(diào)控。積極的財(cái)政政策注重加力增效，擴(kuò)大結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅范圍，實(shí)行普遍性降費(fèi)，盤活財(cái)政存量資金。發(fā)行地方政府債券置換存量債務(wù)3.2萬億元，降低利息負(fù)擔(dān)約2000億元，減輕了地方政府償債壓力。穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策注重松緊適度，多次降息降準(zhǔn)，改革存貸比管理，創(chuàng)新貨幣政策工具，加大對實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)支持力度。擴(kuò)大有效投資，設(shè)立專項(xiàng)基金，加強(qiáng)水利、城鎮(zhèn)棚戶區(qū)和農(nóng)村危房改造、中西部鐵路和公路等薄弱環(huán)節(jié)建設(shè)。實(shí)施重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域消費(fèi)促進(jìn)工程，城鄉(xiāng)居民旅游、網(wǎng)購、信息消費(fèi)等快速增長。去年還積極應(yīng)對股市、匯市異常波動(dòng)等金融領(lǐng)域的多種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，守住了不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性區(qū)域性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的底線，維護(hù)了國家經(jīng)濟(jì)金融安全。

First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.

In responding to the mounting downward pressure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation. We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use. Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure. We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy. Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions. Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services. In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China’s economic and financial security.

二是圍繞激發(fā)市場活力，加大改革開放力度。我們不搞“大水漫灌”式的強(qiáng)刺激，而是持續(xù)推動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革。深入推進(jìn)簡政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務(wù)改革。取消和下放311項(xiàng)行政審批事項(xiàng)，取消123項(xiàng)職業(yè)資格許可和認(rèn)定事項(xiàng)，徹底終結(jié)了非行政許可審批。工商登記前置審批精簡85%，全面實(shí)施三證合一、一照一碼。加強(qiáng)事中事后監(jiān)管，優(yōu)化公共服務(wù)流程。群眾和企業(yè)辦事更加方便，全社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新熱情日益高漲。

Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.

Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform. We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services. We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review. The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code. Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved. Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.

財(cái)稅金融等重點(diǎn)改革深入推進(jìn)。中央對地方專項(xiàng)轉(zhuǎn)移支付項(xiàng)目減少三分之一，一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付規(guī)模增加。營改增穩(wěn)步實(shí)施，資源稅從價(jià)計(jì)征范圍擴(kuò)大。取消存款利率浮動(dòng)上限，推出存款保險(xiǎn)制度，建立人民幣跨境支付系統(tǒng)。價(jià)格改革力度加大，中央政府定價(jià)項(xiàng)目減少80%，地方政府定價(jià)項(xiàng)目減少一半以上。國有企業(yè)、農(nóng)村、投融資、生態(tài)文明等領(lǐng)域改革有序推進(jìn)，全面深化改革的成效正在顯現(xiàn)。

Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened. The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments. Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT. Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes. The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established. Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%. We carried out state-owned enterprise (SOE) reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others. Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.

堅(jiān)持以開放促改革促發(fā)展。努力穩(wěn)定對外貿(mào)易，調(diào)整出口退稅負(fù)擔(dān)機(jī)制，清理規(guī)范進(jìn)出口環(huán)節(jié)收費(fèi)，提高貿(mào)易便利化水平，出口結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生積極變化。外商投資限制性條目減少一半，95%以上實(shí)行備案管理，實(shí)際使用外資1263億美元，增長5.6%。非金融類對外直接投資1180億美元，增長14.7%。推廣上海自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，新設(shè)廣東、天津、福建自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)。人民幣加入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權(quán)貨幣籃子。亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行正式成立，絲路基金投入運(yùn)營。簽署中韓、中澳自貿(mào)協(xié)定和中國－東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)升級議定書?！耙粠б宦贰苯ㄔO(shè)成效顯現(xiàn)，國際產(chǎn)能合作步伐加快，高鐵、核電等中國裝備走出去取得突破性進(jìn)展。

Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up. We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix. The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis. China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%. Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%. Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone. The RMB was included in the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights basket. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business. China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively, and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN. Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative(theBelt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China’s export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.

三是聚焦提質(zhì)增效，推動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新升級。制定實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略綱要和意見，出臺推動(dòng)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新政策舉措，落實(shí)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，增強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展新動(dòng)力。一大批創(chuàng)客走上創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新之路。完善農(nóng)業(yè)支持政策，促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展方式加快轉(zhuǎn)變。針對工業(yè)增速下降、企業(yè)效益下滑，我們一手抓新興產(chǎn)業(yè)培育，一手抓傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)改造提升。啟動(dòng)實(shí)施《中國制造2025》，設(shè)立國家新興產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)投資引導(dǎo)基金、中小企業(yè)發(fā)展基金，擴(kuò)大國家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)。積極化解過剩產(chǎn)能，推進(jìn)企業(yè)兼并重組。近三年淘汰落后煉鋼煉鐵產(chǎn)能9000多萬噸、水泥2.3億噸、平板玻璃7600多萬重量箱、電解鋁100多萬噸。促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)性、生活性服務(wù)業(yè)加快發(fā)展。狠抓節(jié)能減排和環(huán)境保護(hù)，各項(xiàng)約束性指標(biāo)超額完成。公布自主減排行動(dòng)目標(biāo)，推動(dòng)國際氣候變化談判取得積極成果。

Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.

To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented. A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations. Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model. In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones. We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones. We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring. Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum. The development of production- and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum. We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets. We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.

四是著眼開拓發(fā)展空間，促進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展和新型城鎮(zhèn)化。繼續(xù)推動(dòng)?xùn)|、中、西、東北地區(qū)“四大板塊”協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，重點(diǎn)推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)、京津冀協(xié)同發(fā)展、長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶發(fā)展“三大戰(zhàn)略”，在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、產(chǎn)業(yè)布局、生態(tài)環(huán)保等方面實(shí)施一批重大工程。制定實(shí)施促進(jìn)西藏和四省藏區(qū)、新疆發(fā)展的政策措施。推進(jìn)戶籍制度改革，出臺居住證制度，加強(qiáng)城鎮(zhèn)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，新型城鎮(zhèn)化取得新成效。

Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space.

Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast; priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives –the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integration Initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt Initiative. A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation. Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai. We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.

五是緊扣增進(jìn)民生福祉，推動(dòng)社會(huì)事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。在財(cái)力緊張情況下，保障民生力度繼續(xù)加大。推出新的政策，重點(diǎn)解決高校畢業(yè)生和就業(yè)困難群體的就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)問題。城鎮(zhèn)保障性安居工程住房基本建成772萬套，棚戶區(qū)住房改造開工601萬套，農(nóng)村危房改造432萬戶，一大批住房困難家庭圓了安居夢。加快改善貧困地區(qū)義務(wù)教育薄弱學(xué)校辦學(xué)條件，深化中小學(xué)教師職稱制度改革，重點(diǎn)高校招收貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)村學(xué)生人數(shù)又增長10.5%。全面推開縣級公立醫(yī)院綜合改革，拓展居民大病保險(xiǎn)，建立重特大疾病醫(yī)療救助制度、困難殘疾人生活補(bǔ)貼和重度殘疾人護(hù)理補(bǔ)貼制度。提高低保、優(yōu)撫、企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，推行機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度改革并完善工資制度。加強(qiáng)基本公共文化服務(wù)建設(shè)。廣大人民群眾有了更多獲得感。

Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.

Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people. New policies were launched to create jobs and business startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment. Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in. We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%. Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established. We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system. Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified. All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.

六是促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定，推動(dòng)依法行政和治理方式創(chuàng)新。國務(wù)院提請全國人大常委會(huì)審議法律議案11件，制定修訂行政法規(guī)8部。政務(wù)公開加快推進(jìn)，推廣電子政務(wù)和網(wǎng)上辦事。建立重大政策落實(shí)督查問責(zé)機(jī)制，開展第三方評估。有效應(yīng)對自然災(zāi)害和突發(fā)事件。加強(qiáng)安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管，事故總量和重特大事故、重點(diǎn)行業(yè)事故數(shù)量繼續(xù)下降。推進(jìn)食品安全創(chuàng)建示范行動(dòng)。強(qiáng)化社會(huì)治安綜合治理，依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動(dòng)，有力維護(hù)了公共安全。

Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.

The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations. Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration. We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations. We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies. Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety; as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common. We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety. We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.

我們深入開展“三嚴(yán)三實(shí)”專題教育，鍥而不舍落實(shí)黨中央八項(xiàng)規(guī)定精神，堅(jiān)決糾正“四風(fēng)”，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行國務(wù)院“約法三章”。加強(qiáng)行政監(jiān)察和審計(jì)監(jiān)督。大力推進(jìn)黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗斗爭，一批腐敗分子受到懲處。

The campaign to build understanding of the Three Strictsand Three Honests* was intensified, the CPC Central Committee’s eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council’s three-point decision on curbing government spending. Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened. We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.

Note:

*To be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline; and to be honest in one’s thinking, one’s work, and one’s behavior.

我們隆重紀(jì)念中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭暨世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭勝利70周年，集中宣示了我國作為世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭東方主戰(zhàn)場的歷史地位和重大貢獻(xiàn)，彰顯了中國人民同各國人民共護(hù)和平、共守正義的堅(jiān)定信念！

We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Global War against Fascism. This anniversary was a reminder of China’s place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort. The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.

一年來，全方位外交成果豐碩。習(xí)近平主席等國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人出訪多國，出席聯(lián)合國系列峰會(huì)、二十國集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會(huì)、亞太經(jīng)合組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人非正式會(huì)議、氣候變化大會(huì)、東亞合作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人系列會(huì)議、世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇等重大活動(dòng)。成功舉行中非合作論壇峰會(huì)、中歐領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)晤，啟動(dòng)中拉論壇。同主要大國關(guān)系取得新進(jìn)展，同周邊國家務(wù)實(shí)合作深入推進(jìn)，同發(fā)展中國家友好合作不斷拓展，同聯(lián)合國等國際組織和國際機(jī)制的關(guān)系全面加強(qiáng)，經(jīng)濟(jì)外交、人文交流卓有成效。中國作為負(fù)責(zé)任大國，在國際和地區(qū)事務(wù)中發(fā)揮了重要的建設(shè)性作用。

Over the past year, China’s all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes. President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders’ Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders’ meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016. The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders’ Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) Forum was inaugurated. Fresh progress was made in China’s relations with other major countries; pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened; friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew; relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas; and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges. As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.

各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,

過去一年取得的成績，是以習(xí)近平同志為總書記的黨中央統(tǒng)攬全局、科學(xué)決策的結(jié)果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民齊心協(xié)力、頑強(qiáng)拼搏的結(jié)果。我代表國務(wù)院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝！向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝！向關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)事業(yè)的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝！

We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China. On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people’s organizations. I express our heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas. I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.

在充分肯定去年成績的同時(shí)，我們也清醒看到，我國發(fā)展中還存在不少困難和問題。受全球貿(mào)易萎縮等因素影響，去年我國進(jìn)出口總額出現(xiàn)下降，預(yù)期增長目標(biāo)未能實(shí)現(xiàn)。投資增長乏力，一些行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩嚴(yán)重，部分企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營困難，地區(qū)和行業(yè)走勢分化，財(cái)政收支矛盾突出，資本市場基礎(chǔ)性制度還不完善，金融等領(lǐng)域存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患。人民群眾關(guān)心的醫(yī)療、教育、養(yǎng)老、食品藥品安全、收入分配、城市管理等方面問題較多，環(huán)境污染形勢仍很嚴(yán)峻，嚴(yán)重霧霾天氣在一些地區(qū)時(shí)有發(fā)生。特別令人痛心的是，去年發(fā)生了“東方之星”號客輪翻沉事件和天津港特別重大火災(zāi)爆炸等事故，人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失慘重，教訓(xùn)極其深刻，必須認(rèn)真汲取。政府工作還存在不足，有些改革和政策措施落實(shí)不到位，少數(shù)干部不作為、不會(huì)為、亂作為，一些領(lǐng)域的不正之風(fēng)和腐敗問題不容忽視。我們要進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)憂患意識和擔(dān)當(dāng)意識，下更大力氣解決這些問題，始終以民之所望為施政所向，盡心竭力做好政府工作，決不辜負(fù)人民重托。

While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware that our country is still confronted with many difficulties and problems in pursuing development. With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard. Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects are mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances exist between government revenue and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors. There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people. The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog. Particularly distressing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the massive explosion in Tianjin Port. The deaths and injuries and the damage and loss of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound lessons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten. There are still inadequacies in the work of the government. Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented; a small number of government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly; and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored. We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to assume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved. The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance; we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.

各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,

2015年是“十二五”收官之年。過去五年，我國發(fā)展成就舉世矚目。黨的十八大以來，在以習(xí)近平同志為總書記的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，面對錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的國際環(huán)境和艱巨繁重的國內(nèi)改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定任務(wù)，我們繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)工作總基調(diào)，深化改革開放，實(shí)施一系列利當(dāng)前、惠長遠(yuǎn)的重大舉措，“十二五”規(guī)劃確定的主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)全面完成。一是經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)較快發(fā)展。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長7.8%，經(jīng)濟(jì)總量穩(wěn)居世界第二位，成為全球第一貨物貿(mào)易大國和主要對外投資大國。二是結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整取得標(biāo)志性進(jìn)展。服務(wù)業(yè)成為第一大產(chǎn)業(yè)，工業(yè)化與信息化融合加深，農(nóng)業(yè)綜合生產(chǎn)能力明顯增強(qiáng)。消費(fèi)成為支撐經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的主要力量。超過一半人口居住在城鎮(zhèn)。單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降18.2%，主要污染物排放量減少12%以上。三是基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施水平全面躍升。鐵路營業(yè)里程達(dá)到12.1萬公里，其中高速鐵路超過1.9萬公里，占世界60%以上。高速公路通車?yán)锍坛^12萬公里。南水北調(diào)東、中線工程通水。建成全球最大的第四代移動(dòng)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)。四是科技創(chuàng)新實(shí)現(xiàn)重大突破。量子通信、中微子振蕩、高溫鐵基超導(dǎo)等基礎(chǔ)研究取得一批原創(chuàng)性成果，載人航天、探月工程、深海探測等項(xiàng)目達(dá)到世界先進(jìn)水平。五是人民生活水平顯著提高。居民收入增長快于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，城鄉(xiāng)收入差距持續(xù)縮小。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)人數(shù)超過6400萬人。城鎮(zhèn)保障性安居工程住房建設(shè)4013萬套，上億群眾喜遷新居。農(nóng)村貧困人口減少1億多，解決3億多農(nóng)村人口飲水安全問題。六是社會(huì)發(fā)展成就斐然。教育公平和質(zhì)量明顯提升?；踞t(yī)療保險(xiǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)全覆蓋，基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)參保率超過80%。文化軟實(shí)力持續(xù)提升。依法治國全面推進(jìn)。中國特色軍事變革成就顯著。經(jīng)過五年努力，我國經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力、科技實(shí)力、國防實(shí)力、國際影響力又上了一個(gè)大臺階。

The period covered by the 12th Five-Year Plancame to a close in 2015. During the past five years, impressive achievements were made in China’s development. Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home. However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits. As a result, we successfully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan.

First, a high rate of economic development was maintained.

During this period, China’s GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.8%. This growth enabled China to comfortably maintain its position as the world’s second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor.

Second, milestone progress was achieved in structural adjustments.

Service industries have grown to be the largest economic sector, information technology has been further integrated into industrialization, and overall agricultural production capacity has notably improved. Consumption has become a major driver of growth. Over half of China’s population now resides in urban areas. Energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 18.2%, and the emissions of major pollutants have been cut by over 12%.

Third, across-the-board improvements were made in infrastructure.

The length of railways in service reached 121,000 kilometers, of which more than 19,000 kilometers are high-speed rail lines-more than 60% of the world’s total. The length of expressways open to traffic exceeded 120,000 kilometers, the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were put into operation, and the world’s largest 4G mobile network was built in China.

Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation.

Original achievements were made in quantum communications, neutrino oscillation, and iron-based high-temperature superconductivity through basic research. World-class advances were made in manned spaceflight, the lunar exploration program, and deep-water exploration.

Fifth, living standards improved significantly.

Personal income increased faster than economic growth, and the urban-rural income gap was narrowed. Over 64 million urban jobs were created. Government subsidies were used to build 40.13 million housing units in urban areas, providing new homes for around 100 million people. The number of rural residents living in poverty was cut by more than 100 million, and over 300 million rural residents gained access to safe drinking water.

Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development.

Significant progress was made in ensuring equal access to education, and the quality of education markedly improved. Basic health insurance was expanded to achieve complete coverage, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population. China’s soft power continued to grow. The rule of law was advanced in all respects. Significant achievements were made in the military revolution with Chinese characteristics. Over the past five years, China’s economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, defense capabilities, and international influence have all been strengthened considerably.

The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people. The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals. *

Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People’s Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.

“十二五”時(shí)期的輝煌成就，充分顯示了中國特色社會(huì)主義的巨大優(yōu)越性，集中展現(xiàn)了中國人民的無窮創(chuàng)造力，極大增強(qiáng)了中華民族的自信心和凝聚力，必將激勵(lì)全國各族人民在實(shí)現(xiàn)“兩個(gè)一百年”奮斗目標(biāo)的新征程上奮力前行！

The achievements attained during the period of the12th Five-Year Planfully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people. The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals. *

Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People’s Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.

二、“十三五”時(shí)期主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)和重大舉措

Let me now brief you on the main targets, tasks, and measures for the period of the13th Five-Year Plan from 2016 through 2020.

根據(jù)《中共中央關(guān)于制定國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十三個(gè)五年規(guī)劃的建議》，國務(wù)院編制了《國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十三個(gè)五年規(guī)劃綱要（草案）》，提交大會(huì)審查。

On the basis of theCPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the State Council has drawn up the draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and submitted it to this session for your review and approval.

《綱要草案》緊緊圍繞全面建成小康社會(huì)奮斗目標(biāo)，針對發(fā)展不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)等突出問題，強(qiáng)調(diào)要牢固樹立和貫徹落實(shí)創(chuàng)新、協(xié)調(diào)、綠色、開放、共享的發(fā)展理念，明確了今后五年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)，提出了一系列支撐發(fā)展的重大政策、重大工程和重大項(xiàng)目，突出了以下六個(gè)方面。

The draft, centering on the goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and designed to address serious issues such as unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development, stresses the need to promote innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development. It proposes the main targets and tasks for economic and social development over the next five years as well as development policies, initiatives, and projects. The following are the six areas highlighted in the draft.

——保持經(jīng)濟(jì)中高速增長，推動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)邁向中高端水平。實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)，到2020年國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和城鄉(xiāng)居民人均收入比2010年翻一番，“十三五”時(shí)期經(jīng)濟(jì)年均增長保持在6.5%以上。加快推進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級，實(shí)施一批技術(shù)水平高、帶動(dòng)能力強(qiáng)的重大工程。到2020年，先進(jìn)制造業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)、戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)比重大幅提升，全員勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率從人均8.7萬元提高到12萬元以上。屆時(shí)，我國經(jīng)濟(jì)總量超過90萬億元，發(fā)展的質(zhì)量和效益明顯提高。在我們這樣一個(gè)人口眾多的發(fā)展中國家，這將是非常了不起的成就。

– We should work to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end.

To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020, the economy needs to grow at an average annual rate of at least 6.5% during this five-year period. To that end, we will move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry and launch initiatives that use advanced technologies and can drive industrial development. Our goal is that by 2020, advanced manufacturing, modern services, and strategic emerging industries as a proportion of GDP will have risen significantly and that per capita labor productivity will have risen from 87,000 yuan to over 120,000 yuan. By that time, China’s aggregate economic output should have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, and the quality and efficacy of development should have significantly improved. For a developing country like China with such a large population, this will be a truly remarkable achievement.

——強(qiáng)化創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)作用，為發(fā)展注入強(qiáng)大動(dòng)力。創(chuàng)新是引領(lǐng)發(fā)展的第一動(dòng)力，必須擺在國家發(fā)展全局的核心位置，深入實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。啟動(dòng)一批新的國家重大科技項(xiàng)目，建設(shè)一批高水平的國家科學(xué)中心和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新中心，培育壯大一批有國際競爭力的創(chuàng)新型領(lǐng)軍企業(yè)，建設(shè)一批全面創(chuàng)新改革試驗(yàn)區(qū)。持續(xù)推動(dòng)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新。促進(jìn)大數(shù)據(jù)、云計(jì)算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)廣泛應(yīng)用。加快建設(shè)質(zhì)量強(qiáng)國、制造強(qiáng)國、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)強(qiáng)國。到2020年，力爭在基礎(chǔ)研究、應(yīng)用研究和戰(zhàn)略前沿領(lǐng)域取得重大突破，全社會(huì)研發(fā)經(jīng)費(fèi)投入強(qiáng)度達(dá)到2.5%，科技進(jìn)步對經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)到60%，邁進(jìn)創(chuàng)新型國家和人才強(qiáng)國行列。

– We should ensure that innovation better drives and energizes development.

Innovation is the primary driving force for development and must occupy a central place in China’s development strategy, which is why we must implement a strategy of innovation-driven development. We should launch new national science and technology programs, build first-class national science centers and technological innovation hubs, help develop internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises, and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation. We should make consistent efforts to encourage the public to start businesses and make innovations. We should promote the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things. We need to move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products and a country that is strong on intellectual property rights. We should strive to achieve major breakthroughs in basic research, applied research, and research in strategic and frontier fields by 2020. China’s investment in research and development is expected to reach 2.5% of GDP, and the contribution of scientific and technological advances toward economic growth should come to reach 60%. Fulfilling these objectives will turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country.

——推進(jìn)新型城鎮(zhèn)化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化，促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。縮小城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域差距，既是調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的重點(diǎn)，也是釋放發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ年P(guān)鍵。要深入推進(jìn)以人為核心的新型城鎮(zhèn)化，實(shí)現(xiàn)1億左右農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口和其他常住人口在城鎮(zhèn)落戶，完成約1億人居住的棚戶區(qū)和城中村改造，引導(dǎo)約1億人在中西部地區(qū)就近城鎮(zhèn)化。到2020年，常住人口城鎮(zhèn)化率達(dá)到60%、戶籍人口城鎮(zhèn)化率達(dá)到45%。實(shí)施一批水利、農(nóng)機(jī)、現(xiàn)代種業(yè)等工程，推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營和區(qū)域化布局、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)、社會(huì)化服務(wù)。到2020年，糧食等主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給和質(zhì)量安全得到更好保障，農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化水平明顯提高，新農(nóng)村建設(shè)取得新成效。以區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略為基礎(chǔ)，以“三大戰(zhàn)略”為引領(lǐng)，形成沿海沿江沿線經(jīng)濟(jì)帶為主的縱向橫向經(jīng)濟(jì)軸帶，培育一批輻射帶動(dòng)力強(qiáng)的城市群和增長極。加強(qiáng)重大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，高鐵營業(yè)里程達(dá)到3萬公里、覆蓋80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通車?yán)锍碳s3萬公里，實(shí)現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)寬帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)全覆蓋。

– We should make progress in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions.

Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment; it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential. We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization. This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and “villages” in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions. By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China’s population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.

We should launch initiatives to develop water conservancy in agriculture, farming machinery, and the modern seed industry, encourage appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations, and promote regional distribution, standardized production, and commercial agricultural services. By 2020, the supply, quality, and safety of food crops and other major agricultural products should be better ensured, notable headway should have been made in modernizing agriculture, and fresh progress should have been made in developing the new countryside.

Guided by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas. We should also expand major infrastructure projects, with the aim of increasing the length of high-speed railways in service to 30,000 kilometers and linking more than 80% of big cities in China with high-speed railways, building or upgrading around 30,000 kilometers of expressways, and achieving full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.

——推動(dòng)形成綠色生產(chǎn)生活方式，加快改善生態(tài)環(huán)境。堅(jiān)持在發(fā)展中保護(hù)、在保護(hù)中發(fā)展，持續(xù)推進(jìn)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)。深入實(shí)施大氣、水、土壤污染防治行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，劃定生態(tài)空間保護(hù)紅線，推進(jìn)山水林田湖生態(tài)工程，加強(qiáng)生態(tài)保護(hù)和修復(fù)。今后五年，單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量分別下降23%、15%、18%，森林覆蓋率達(dá)到23.04%，能源資源開發(fā)利用效率大幅提高，生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量總體改善。特別是治理大氣霧霾取得明顯進(jìn)展，地級及以上城市空氣質(zhì)量優(yōu)良天數(shù)比率超過80%。我們要持之以恒，建設(shè)天藍(lán)、地綠、水清的美麗中國。

– We should encourage green ways of working and living and speed up efforts to conserve ecosystems and the environment.

We need to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment, making sustained efforts to build a sound ecological system. We need to take serious action to prevent and control air, water, and soil pollution, set a red line that the country’s total area of ecological spaces should not fall below, move forward with eco-friendly projects to protect and restore mountains, waters, forests, and farmlands, and intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts. Over the next five years, we should aim to ensure that water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP are cut by 23%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, and that forest coverage reaches 23.04%. We should also make it our aim, within this timeframe, to develop and use energy and resources much more efficiently and make improvements to the quality of ecosystems and the environment. In particular, we should strive for major progress in the control and prevention of air pollution and see to it that the air quality of cities at and above the prefectural level is good or excellent for 80% of the year. We must work to build, through tireless efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.

——深化改革開放，構(gòu)建發(fā)展新體制。發(fā)展根本上要靠改革開放。必須全面深化改革，堅(jiān)持和完善基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度，建立現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)權(quán)制度，基本建成法治政府，使市場在資源配置中起決定性作用和更好發(fā)揮政府作用，加快形成引領(lǐng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展新常態(tài)的體制機(jī)制和發(fā)展方式?！耙粠б宦贰苯ㄔO(shè)取得重大進(jìn)展，國際產(chǎn)能合作實(shí)現(xiàn)新的突破。對外貿(mào)易向優(yōu)進(jìn)優(yōu)出轉(zhuǎn)變，服務(wù)貿(mào)易比重顯著提升，從貿(mào)易大國邁向貿(mào)易強(qiáng)國。全面實(shí)行準(zhǔn)入前國民待遇加負(fù)面清單管理制度，逐步構(gòu)建高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自由貿(mào)易區(qū)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，基本形成開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)新體制新格局。

– We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development.

Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up. We must deepen reform across the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place. It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government better plays its role, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development.

We should work for significant progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiativeand for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity. We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China’s transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality. We should put into force across the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progressively build a network of high-standard free trade areas. With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems.

——持續(xù)增進(jìn)民生福祉，使全體人民共享發(fā)展成果。堅(jiān)持以人民為中心的發(fā)展思想，努力補(bǔ)齊基本民生保障的短板，朝著共同富裕方向穩(wěn)步前進(jìn)。堅(jiān)決打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，我國現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下的農(nóng)村貧困人口實(shí)現(xiàn)脫貧，貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區(qū)域性整體貧困。建立國家基本公共服務(wù)項(xiàng)目清單。建立健全更加公平更可持續(xù)的社會(huì)保障制度。實(shí)施義務(wù)教育學(xué)校標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、普及高中階段教育、建設(shè)世界一流大學(xué)和一流學(xué)科等工程，勞動(dòng)年齡人口平均受教育年限從10.23年提高到10.8年。實(shí)現(xiàn)城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)5000萬人以上。完善收入分配制度，縮小收入差距，提高中等收入人口比重。完善住房保障體系，城鎮(zhèn)棚戶區(qū)住房改造2000萬套。推進(jìn)健康中國建設(shè)，人均預(yù)期壽命提高1歲。積極應(yīng)對人口老齡化。構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代公共文化服務(wù)體系，實(shí)施公民道德建設(shè)、中華文化傳承等工程。我們既要讓人民的物質(zhì)生活更殷實(shí)，又要讓人民的精神生活更豐富。

– We need to ensure that continuous progress is made in raising living standards, and see that everyone shares in the fruits of development.

Guided by the vision of people-centered development, we need to continue to strengthen points of weakness in meeting basic needs for the people in order to achieve common prosperity. We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty and help lift out of poverty all rural residents falling below the current poverty line, and achieve poverty alleviation in all poor counties and areas.

We should put in place a national catalogue of basic public services. We should establish more equitable and sustainable social security systems. We need to ensure that all schools providing compulsory education comply with educational standards, that everyone has access to secondary education, that China has more world-class universities and first-class fields of discipline, and that the average number of years of schooling received by the working-age population increases from 10.23 to 10.8 years.

We need to create 50 million plus new urban jobs. We need to improve the income distribution system, reduce the income gap, and increase the proportion of the middle-income group in the whole populace. We should improve systems of government housing support, which should include the rebuilding of 20 million housing units in rundown urban areas.

We need to work for progress in building a Healthy China and achieve a one-year increase in average life expectancy. We need to respond proactively to population aging. We should build a modern system of public cultural services and put into effect cultural programs to boost civic morality and keep Chinese culture thriving. These efforts should enable people not only to enjoy a better life in material terms, but also to live a more enriching intellectual and cultural life.

做好“十三五”時(shí)期經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展工作，實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)，必須著力把握好三點(diǎn)。一是牢牢抓住發(fā)展第一要?jiǎng)?wù)不放松。發(fā)展是硬道理，是解決我國所有問題的關(guān)鍵。今后五年是跨越“中等收入陷阱”的重要階段，各種矛盾和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)明顯增多。發(fā)展如逆水行舟，不進(jìn)則退。必須毫不動(dòng)搖堅(jiān)持以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，推動(dòng)科學(xué)發(fā)展，妥善應(yīng)對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，使中國經(jīng)濟(jì)這艘巨輪破浪遠(yuǎn)航。二是大力推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革。當(dāng)前發(fā)展中總量問題與結(jié)構(gòu)性問題并存，結(jié)構(gòu)性問題更加突出，要用改革的辦法推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。在適度擴(kuò)大總需求的同時(shí)，突出抓好供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，既做減法，又做加法，減少無效和低端供給，擴(kuò)大有效和中高端供給，增加公共產(chǎn)品和公共服務(wù)供給，使供給和需求協(xié)同促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，提高全要素生產(chǎn)率，不斷解放和發(fā)展社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力。三是加快新舊發(fā)展動(dòng)能接續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)換。經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展必然會(huì)有新舊動(dòng)能迭代更替的過程，當(dāng)傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)能由強(qiáng)變?nèi)鯐r(shí)，需要新動(dòng)能異軍突起和傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)型，形成新的“雙引擎”，才能推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)增長、躍上新臺階。當(dāng)前我國發(fā)展正處于這樣一個(gè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，必須培育壯大新動(dòng)能，加快發(fā)展新經(jīng)濟(jì)。要推動(dòng)新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)業(yè)、新業(yè)態(tài)加快成長，以體制機(jī)制創(chuàng)新促進(jìn)分享經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，建設(shè)共享平臺，做大高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)等新興產(chǎn)業(yè)集群，打造動(dòng)力強(qiáng)勁的新引擎。運(yùn)用信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)等現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，推動(dòng)生產(chǎn)、管理和營銷模式變革，重塑產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈、供應(yīng)鏈、價(jià)值鏈，改造提升傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)能，使之煥發(fā)新的生機(jī)與活力。

To achieve success in our work to promote economic and social development during the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan and finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must keep to the following three guidelines:

First, give top priority to development

Development is of primary importance to China and is the key to solving every problem we face. During the next five years, we must take particular care to avoid falling into the “middle-income trap,” and we need to address an increasing number of problems and risks. Pursuing development is like sailing against the current: you either forge ahead or drift downstream. We must remain committed to economic development as our central task, endeavor to promote sound development, and respond effectively to risks and challenges so as to ensure that China’s economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance.

Second, make major headway in carrying out structural reform

At present, we face problems both with aggregate supply and demand and with our structures. The structural problems are more acute, and reform should be conducted to adjust these structures. While working to achieve an appropriate expansion of aggregate demand, we need to give particular emphasis to structural reform on the supply side, reducing supply in some areas while increasing it in others. This means that we need to reduce ineffective and lower-end supply while increasing effective and medium- and high-end supply, increase the supply of public goods and services, ensure that development is driven by both supply and demand, and improve total-factor productivity. This should enable us to unleash and develop productive forces.

Third, accelerate the shift in driving forces for development

In the course of economic development, it is only natural that old drivers of growth are replaced by new ones. As conventional driving forces weaken, it is critical that new driving forces emerge and that the conventional ones undergo a transformation so that new twin engines are formed; only then is it possible to upgrade the economy and achieve sustainable growth. This is the crucial period in which China currently finds itself, and during which we must build up powerful new drivers in order to accelerate the development of the new economy. We need to move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business, boost the development of a sharing economy through institutional innovations, create sharing platforms, and develop emerging industry clusters such as high-tech and modern service industry clusters, thus creating strong new engines. We will use network-based information technology and other modern technologies to drive changes in models of production, management, and marketing, create new industry chains, supply chains, and value chains, and transform and upgrade conventional drivers, thus injecting them with new vitality.

從根本上說，發(fā)展的不竭力量蘊(yùn)藏在人民群眾之中。9億多勞動(dòng)力、1億多受過高等教育和有專業(yè)技能的人才，是我們最大的資源和優(yōu)勢。實(shí)現(xiàn)新舊動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)換，推動(dòng)發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)向更多依靠人力人才資源和創(chuàng)新，既是一個(gè)伴隨陣痛的調(diào)整過程，也是一個(gè)充滿希望的升級過程。只要闖過這個(gè)關(guān)口，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)就一定能夠浴火重生、再創(chuàng)輝煌。

Ultimately, it is the people who are the inexhaustible source of power that drives development. A workforce of over 900 million, of whom over 100 million have received higher education or are professionally trained: this is our greatest resource and strength. Obviously, replacing old drivers of growth with new ones and achieving a shift in development toward greater reliance on human resources, human capital, and innovation is a process of painful adjustment. But it is at the same time an upgrading process with great promise. We just have to get through this process, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth.

展望今后五年，我們充滿必勝信心。如期實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)，人民生活將會(huì)更加美好，中國特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)前景一定會(huì)更加光明！

Looking ahead to the next five years, we are fully confident that we will finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects within the set timeframe, that our people will enjoy better lives, and that there will be an even brighter future for the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.

三、2016年重點(diǎn)工作

I now want to discuss the major areas of work for 2016.

今年是全面建成小康社會(huì)決勝階段的開局之年，也是推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的攻堅(jiān)之年。做好政府工作，必須高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，全面貫徹黨的十八大和十八屆三中、四中、五中全會(huì)精神，以鄧小平理論、“三個(gè)代表”重要思想、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹習(xí)近平總書記系列重要講話精神，按照“五位一體”總體布局和“四個(gè)全面”戰(zhàn)略布局，堅(jiān)持改革開放，堅(jiān)持以新發(fā)展理念引領(lǐng)發(fā)展，堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)工作總基調(diào)，適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展新常態(tài)，實(shí)行宏觀政策要穩(wěn)、產(chǎn)業(yè)政策要準(zhǔn)、微觀政策要活、改革政策要實(shí)、社會(huì)政策要托底的總體思路，把握好穩(wěn)增長與調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的平衡，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行在合理區(qū)間，著力加強(qiáng)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，加快培育新的發(fā)展動(dòng)能，改造提升傳統(tǒng)比較優(yōu)勢，抓好去產(chǎn)能、去庫存、去杠桿、降成本、補(bǔ)短板，加強(qiáng)民生保障，切實(shí)防控風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)“十三五”時(shí)期經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展良好開局。

This is the first year of the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and a crucial year in carrying out structural reform. To ensure that the government’s goal for this year is accomplished, we must do the following:

– hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;

– implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Congress of the CPC and the third, fourth, and fifth plenary sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee;

– follow the guidance ofDeng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development;

– put into practice the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major policy addresses;

– work in accordance with the overall plan for promoting all-round economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy;*

Note:

* To make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-conduct.

– continue reform and opening up;

– follow the new vision of development;

– follow the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable;

– adapt to the new normal in economic development;

– follow the general guidelines that macro policies should be stable, industrial policies targeted, micro policies flexible, reform policies practical, and that social policies should ensure basic needs;

– maintain a balance between ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments;

– ensure that the economy operates within an appropriate range;

– strengthen supply-side structural reform;

– accelerate the fostering of new driving forces for development;

– strengthen traditional comparative advantages;

– cut overcapacity and excess inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, and strengthen points of weakness;

– strengthen basic safeguards for public wellbeing;

– prevent and control risks.

By working to achieve all of these, we should get off to a good start in economic and social development during the period covered by the 13th Five-Year Plan.

今年發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長6.5%－7%，居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅3%左右，城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1000萬人以上，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率4.5%以內(nèi)，進(jìn)出口回穩(wěn)向好，國際收支基本平衡，居民收入增長和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長基本同步。單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要污染物排放繼續(xù)減少。

The main development targets for 2016 are as follows:

– GDP growth of 6.5% to 7%;

– CPI increase kept at around 3%;

– creation of at least ten million new urban jobs;

– registered urban unemployment rate kept within 4.5%;

– a steady rise in import and export volumes;

– a basic balance in international payments;

– increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;

– a reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP of at least 3.4%;

– further reductions in the release of major pollutants.

經(jīng)濟(jì)增長預(yù)期目標(biāo)6.5%－7%，考慮了與全面建成小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)相銜接，考慮了推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的需要，也有利于穩(wěn)定和引導(dǎo)市場預(yù)期。穩(wěn)增長主要是為了保就業(yè)、惠民生，有6.5%－7%的增速就能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)比較充分的就業(yè)。

In setting a projected growth rate of between 6.5% and 7%, we have taken into consideration the need to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the need to advance structural reform. It will also help guide market expectations and keep them stable. The aim of maintaining stable growth is primarily to ensure employment and promote the people’s wellbeing, and a growth rate of between 6.5% and 7% will allow for relatively full employment.

綜合分析各方面情況，今年我國發(fā)展面臨的困難更多更大、挑戰(zhàn)更為嚴(yán)峻，我們要做打硬仗的充分準(zhǔn)備。從國際看，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)深度調(diào)整、復(fù)蘇乏力，國際貿(mào)易增長低迷，金融和大宗商品市場波動(dòng)不定，地緣政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)上升，外部環(huán)境的不穩(wěn)定不確定因素增加，對我國發(fā)展的影響不可低估。從國內(nèi)看，長期積累的矛盾和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)一步顯現(xiàn)，經(jīng)濟(jì)增速換擋、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整陣痛、新舊動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)換相互交織，經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力加大。但困難和挑戰(zhàn)并不可怕。中國的發(fā)展從來都是在應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)中前進(jìn)的，沒有過不去的坎。經(jīng)過多年的快速發(fā)展，我國物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)雄厚，經(jīng)濟(jì)韌性強(qiáng)、潛力足、回旋余地大，改革開放不斷注入新動(dòng)力，創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控積累了豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)。特別是我們有中國共產(chǎn)黨的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和中國特色社會(huì)主義制度，中國人民勤勞智慧。只要我們?nèi)f眾一心，共克時(shí)艱，就一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)全年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展目標(biāo)。

A comprehensive analysis of all factors shows that China will face more and tougher problems and challenges in its development this year, so we must be fully prepared to fight a difficult battle.

Internationally, the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover; growth in trade is weak; there are fluctuations in the financial and commodity markets; geopolitical risks are rising; and there are increasing instabilities and uncertainties in China’s external environment. We should not underestimate the impact all of this will have on China’s development.

Domestically, problems and risks that have been building up over the years are becoming more evident; the change of pace in economic growth, the difficulties associated with structural adjustments, and the transformation of the drivers of growth present interwoven problems; and downward pressure on the economy is growing.

But we will not be daunted by these problems and challenges. China has from the start been developing while responding to challenges; there is no difficulty we cannot get beyond. Thanks to years of rapid development, China has laid a solid material foundation, and its economy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth. At the same time, reform and opening up has been injecting new impetus into economic growth, and a wealth of experience has been gained in developing new ways of conducting macro regulation. In addition, we have the guidance of the CPC and the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and our people are talented and hardworking. As long as we work together as one to surmount all difficulties, we will definitely achieve the targets for economic and social development in 2016.

今年要重點(diǎn)做好八個(gè)方面工作。

This year, we will carry out the following eight tasks:

（一）穩(wěn)定和完善宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行在合理區(qū)間。我們宏觀調(diào)控還有創(chuàng)新手段和政策儲備，既要立足當(dāng)前、有針對性地出招，頂住經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力，又要著眼長遠(yuǎn)、留有后手、謀勢蓄勢。繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策，創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控方式，加強(qiáng)區(qū)間調(diào)控、定向調(diào)控、相機(jī)調(diào)控，統(tǒng)籌運(yùn)用財(cái)政、貨幣政策和產(chǎn)業(yè)、投資、價(jià)格等政策工具，采取結(jié)構(gòu)性改革尤其是供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革舉措，為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)I造良好環(huán)境。

1. Improve and keep stable our macroeconomic policies to ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range

At present, we still have new instruments for macro regulation and a good reserve of policies at our disposal. On the one hand, we will focus on current realities and take targeted steps to withstand the downward pressure on the economy. On the other hand, we must have our long-term development goals in mind, keep some policy tools as options for later use, strategize our moves, and gather strength. We will continue to implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, develop new approaches to macro regulation, strengthen range-based, targeted, and well-timed regulation, use fiscal and monetary policies and industry, investment, and pricing policy tools in a coordinated way, and implement structural reform, particularly supply-side structural reform, so as to create an enabling environment for economic development.

積極的財(cái)政政策要加大力度。今年擬安排財(cái)政赤字2.18萬億元，比去年增加5600億元，赤字率提高到3%。其中，中央財(cái)政赤字1.4萬億元，地方財(cái)政赤字7800億元。安排地方專項(xiàng)債券4000億元，繼續(xù)發(fā)行地方政府置換債券。我國財(cái)政赤字率和政府負(fù)債率在世界主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體中相對較低，這樣的安排是必要的、可行的，也是安全的。

– We will pursue a more proactive fiscal policy.

The government deficit for 2016 is projected to be 2.18 trillion yuan, an increase of 560 billion yuan over last year, meaning the deficit-to-GDP ratio will rise to 3%. Of the deficit, 1.4 trillion yuan will be carried by the central government, and the remaining 780 billion yuan will be carried by local governments. Special bonds for local governments will total 400 billion yuan, and local government debt-converting bonds will continue to be issued. China’s deficit-to-GDP ratio and government debt ratio are lower than those of other major economies; such steps are necessary, feasible, and also safe.

適度擴(kuò)大財(cái)政赤字，主要用于減稅降費(fèi)，進(jìn)一步減輕企業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)。今年將采取三項(xiàng)舉措。一是全面實(shí)施營改增，從5月1日起，將試點(diǎn)范圍擴(kuò)大到建筑業(yè)、房地產(chǎn)業(yè)、金融業(yè)、生活服務(wù)業(yè)，并將所有企業(yè)新增不動(dòng)產(chǎn)所含增值稅納入抵扣范圍，確保所有行業(yè)稅負(fù)只減不增。二是取消違規(guī)設(shè)立的政府性基金，停征和歸并一批政府性基金，擴(kuò)大水利建設(shè)基金等免征范圍。三是將18項(xiàng)行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)的免征范圍，從小微企業(yè)擴(kuò)大到所有企業(yè)和個(gè)人。實(shí)施上述政策，今年將比改革前減輕企業(yè)和個(gè)人負(fù)擔(dān)5000多億元。同時(shí)，適當(dāng)增加必要的財(cái)政支出和政府投資，加大對民生等薄弱環(huán)節(jié)的支持。創(chuàng)新財(cái)政支出方式，優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)，該保的一定要保住，該減的一定要減下來。

The moderate increase in government deficit is projected primarily to cover tax and fee reductions for enterprises, a step that will further reduce their burdens.

The following three measures will be adopted this year.

First, business tax will be replaced with VAT in all sectors. Starting from May 1st, the scope of work to pilot this measure will be extended to the construction, real estate, financial, and consumer service industries, and VAT deductions will cover all new immovable property of enterprises to ensure that the tax burdens on all industries are reduced.

Second, government-managed funds set up without authorization will be abolished; the collection of contributions to certain government-managed funds will be suspended, and some of these funds will be consolidated; and more enterprises will be exempted from contributing to water conservancy construction funds and other government-managed funds.

Third, exemptions from 18 administrative charges which currently apply only to small and micro businesses will be expanded to include all enterprises and individuals.

Through the above policies, the burdens on enterprises and individuals will be cut by more than 500 billion yuan this year. At the same time, we will increase government expenditures and investment as appropriate to work on living standards and other areas in need of strengthening. We will develop new ways for government funds to be spent and improve the government spending mix to ensure that all essential items receive sufficient funding, while non-essential items are cut.

加快財(cái)稅體制改革。推進(jìn)中央與地方事權(quán)和支出責(zé)任劃分改革，合理確定增值稅中央和地方分享比例。把適合作為地方收入的稅種下劃給地方，在稅政管理權(quán)限方面給地方適當(dāng)放權(quán)。進(jìn)一步壓縮中央專項(xiàng)轉(zhuǎn)移支付規(guī)模，今年一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付規(guī)模增長12.2%。全面推開資源稅從價(jià)計(jì)征改革。依法實(shí)施稅收征管。建立規(guī)范的地方政府舉債融資機(jī)制，對財(cái)政實(shí)力強(qiáng)、債務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低的，按法定程序適當(dāng)增加債務(wù)限額。各級政府要堅(jiān)持過緊日子，把每一筆錢都花在明處、用在實(shí)處。

Fiscal and tax reforms will be stepped up. We will move forward with the reform of the way powers and expenditure responsibilities are shared between the central and local governments, ensuring that the proportion of VAT revenue received by the central and local governments is determined appropriately. Taxes suitable as sources of local government revenue will be handed over to local governments along with the corresponding administrative powers. Central government special transfer payments to local governments will be further reduced, while this year’s general transfer payments will be increased by 12.2%. We will extend ad valorem rates to all resource taxes. We will promote the law-based administration of tax collection. We will establish a well-regulated mechanism for local governments to secure financing through bond issuance and make moderate upward adjustments to debt ceilings for local governments with strong financial resources and low debt risks through statutory procedures. Governments at all levels must tighten their belts and spend every sum of money where it can be seen and where it’s most needed.

穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策要靈活適度。今年廣義貨幣M2預(yù)期增長13%左右，社會(huì)融資規(guī)模余額增長13%左右。要統(tǒng)籌運(yùn)用公開市場操作、利率、準(zhǔn)備金率、再貸款等各類貨幣政策工具，保持流動(dòng)性合理充裕，疏通傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制，降低融資成本，加強(qiáng)對實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)特別是小微企業(yè)、“三農(nóng)”等支持。

– We will pursue prudent monetary policy that is flexible and appropriate.

Both the M2money supply and aggregate financing in the economy are forecasted to grow by around 13% in 2016. We will use a full range of monetary policy tools including open market operations, interest rates, required reserve ratios, and re-lending to maintain sufficient liquidity at a proper level, improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, and reduce financing costs. We will provide more support for the real economy, particularly for small and micro businesses as well as agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.

深化金融體制改革。加快改革完善現(xiàn)代金融監(jiān)管體制，提高金融服務(wù)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)效率，實(shí)現(xiàn)金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)管全覆蓋。深化利率市場化改革。繼續(xù)完善人民幣匯率市場化形成機(jī)制，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上基本穩(wěn)定。深化國有商業(yè)銀行和開發(fā)性、政策性金融機(jī)構(gòu)改革，發(fā)展民營銀行，啟動(dòng)投貸聯(lián)動(dòng)試點(diǎn)。推進(jìn)股票、債券市場改革和法治化建設(shè)，促進(jìn)多層次資本市場健康發(fā)展，提高直接融資比重。適時(shí)啟動(dòng)“深港通”。建立巨災(zāi)保險(xiǎn)制度。規(guī)范發(fā)展互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融。大力發(fā)展普惠金融和綠色金融。加強(qiáng)全口徑外債宏觀審慎管理。扎緊制度籠子，整頓規(guī)范金融秩序，嚴(yán)厲打擊金融詐騙、非法集資和證券期貨領(lǐng)域的違法犯罪活動(dòng)，堅(jiān)決守住不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性區(qū)域性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的底線。

We will deepen reform of the financial sector. We will move faster in the reform to improve the modern financial regulatory system and ensure that the financial sector serves the real economy more efficiently and that regulation covers all financial risks. Interest rates will be further liberalized. Improvements will be made to the market-based mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate to ensure it remains generally stable at an appropriate and balanced level. We will deepen reform of state-owned commercial banks as well as development and policy-backed financial institutions, develop private banks, and launch trials to allow commercial banks to participate in combined debt-equity investments into startups and small businesses. We will move forward with the reform of stock and bond markets and increase the level of rule of law in their development, promote the sound development of the multilevel capital market, and ensure that the proportion of direct financing is increased. The Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect will be launched at an appropriate time. A catastrophe insurance system will be established. We will work to see that Internet finance develops in line with regulations, and we will make a major push to develop inclusive and green finance. We will strengthen unified, macroprudential management of foreign debt. We will tighten institutional constraints, safeguard order in the financial sector, crack down on financial fraud, illegal fundraising, and unlawful and criminal activities in the securities and futures markets, and make sure that no systemic or regional financial risks arise.

（二）加強(qiáng)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，增強(qiáng)持續(xù)增長動(dòng)力。圍繞解決重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域的突出矛盾和問題，加快破除體制機(jī)制障礙，以供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革提高供給體系的質(zhì)量和效率，進(jìn)一步激發(fā)市場活力和社會(huì)創(chuàng)造力。

2. Strengthen supply-side structural reform to drive sustained growth

To solve acute problems in key areas, we must work faster to remove institutional obstacles and carry out supply-side structural reform to improve the quality and efficiency of the supply system, and further stimulate market vitality and the creativity of society.

推動(dòng)簡政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務(wù)改革向縱深發(fā)展。以敬民之心，行簡政之道，切實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能、提高效能。繼續(xù)大力削減行政審批事項(xiàng)，注重解決放權(quán)不同步、不協(xié)調(diào)、不到位問題，對下放的審批事項(xiàng)，要讓地方能接得住、管得好。深化商事制度改革，開展證照分離試點(diǎn)。全面公布地方政府權(quán)力和責(zé)任清單，在部分地區(qū)試行市場準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單制度。對行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)、政府定價(jià)或指導(dǎo)價(jià)經(jīng)營服務(wù)性收費(fèi)、政府性基金、國家職業(yè)資格，實(shí)行目錄清單管理。加快建設(shè)統(tǒng)一開放、競爭有序的市場體系，打破地方保護(hù)。深化價(jià)格改革，加強(qiáng)價(jià)格監(jiān)管。修改和廢止有礙發(fā)展的行政法規(guī)和規(guī)范性文件。創(chuàng)新事中事后監(jiān)管方式，全面推行“雙隨機(jī)、一公開”監(jiān)管，隨機(jī)抽取檢查對象，隨機(jī)選派執(zhí)法檢查人員，及時(shí)公布查處結(jié)果。推進(jìn)綜合行政執(zhí)法改革，實(shí)施企業(yè)信用信息統(tǒng)一歸集、依法公示、聯(lián)合懲戒、社會(huì)監(jiān)督。大力推行“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+政務(wù)服務(wù)”，實(shí)現(xiàn)部門間數(shù)據(jù)共享，讓居民和企業(yè)少跑腿、好辦事、不添堵。簡除煩苛，禁察非法，使人民群眾有更平等的機(jī)會(huì)和更大的創(chuàng)造空間。

– We will deepen reforms to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.

With the people in mind, we will streamline administration, transform the functions of the government, and improve its performance. As we continue to cancel the requirement of government review for more matters, we will focus on addressing unsynchronized, uncoordinated, and incomplete delegation of powers and make sure that local governments to which powers of review have been delegated are able to properly exercise those powers.

We will deepen reform of the business system and launch trials to separate operating permits and business licenses. We will release the lists of all powers and responsibilities of local governments, and begin piloting a negative list for market access in some regions. We will draw up lists and catalogues to manage administrative charges, business fees and charges set by the government or set under its guidance, government-managed funds, and professional qualifications recognized by the state. We will move faster to establish a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, and put an end to local protectionism. We will deepen pricing reform and tighten up supervision of prices.

We will revise or abolish any administrative regulations and normative documents that are holding back development. We will develop new ways of conducting oversight over the whole process of business operations, and introduce across the board an oversight model drawing on random inspections by randomly selected law enforcement officers or inspectors and requiring the prompt release of results. We will implement the reform for coordinated administrative law enforcement and adopt a unified approach to gathering information on enterprise credit, release such information in accordance with the law, ensure joint punitive action is taken where necessary, and encourage public oversight.

We will carry out the “Internet Plus government services” model and promote better information sharing between government departments, so that the public and businesses need to make fewer visits to government departments to get things done, find procedures simpler, and find the service satisfactory. We will cut red tape and root out illegalities to ensure that the people have more equal opportunities and greater space for creativity.

充分釋放全社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新潛能。著力實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，促進(jìn)科技與經(jīng)濟(jì)深度融合，提高實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)的整體素質(zhì)和競爭力。一是強(qiáng)化企業(yè)創(chuàng)新主體地位。落實(shí)企業(yè)研發(fā)費(fèi)用加計(jì)扣除和加速折舊政策，完善高新技術(shù)企業(yè)、科技企業(yè)孵化器等稅收優(yōu)惠政策。支持行業(yè)領(lǐng)軍企業(yè)建設(shè)高水平研發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)。加快將國家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)試點(diǎn)政策推廣到全國，再建設(shè)一批國家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)、高新區(qū)。二是發(fā)揮大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新和“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”集眾智匯眾力的乘數(shù)效應(yīng)。打造眾創(chuàng)、眾包、眾扶、眾籌平臺，構(gòu)建大中小企業(yè)、高校、科研機(jī)構(gòu)、創(chuàng)客多方協(xié)同的新型創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新機(jī)制。建設(shè)一批“雙創(chuàng)”示范基地，培育創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新服務(wù)業(yè)，規(guī)范發(fā)展天使、創(chuàng)業(yè)、產(chǎn)業(yè)等投資。支持分享經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，提高資源利用效率，讓更多人參與進(jìn)來、富裕起來。實(shí)施更積極、更開放、更有效的人才引進(jìn)政策。加強(qiáng)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)和運(yùn)用，依法嚴(yán)厲打擊侵犯知識產(chǎn)權(quán)和制假售假行為。三是深化科技管理體制改革。擴(kuò)大高校和科研院所自主權(quán)，砍掉科研管理中的繁文縟節(jié)。實(shí)施支持科技成果轉(zhuǎn)移轉(zhuǎn)化的政策措施，完善股權(quán)期權(quán)稅收優(yōu)惠政策和分紅獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)辦法，鼓勵(lì)科研人員創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新。大力弘揚(yáng)創(chuàng)新文化，厚植創(chuàng)新沃土，營造敢為人先、寬容失敗的良好氛圍，充分激發(fā)企業(yè)家精神，調(diào)動(dòng)全社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新積極性，匯聚成推動(dòng)發(fā)展的磅礴力量。

– We will ensure that the whole country’s potential for starting businesses and making innovations is released.

We will implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, see that science and technology become more deeply embedded in the economy, and improve the overall quality and competitiveness of the real economy.

First, we will ensure that enterprises lead in making innovations. We will implement additional tax deductions for their research and development, accelerate the depreciation of their fixed assets, and increase tax policy support for high-tech enterprises and science and technology business incubators. We will support leading enterprises in building top-level research and development institutions. We will move faster to achieve nationwide implementation of the policy of national innovation demonstration zones, and establish another set of national innovation demonstration zones and high-tech development zones.

Second, we will help people to pool their ideas and talents through a synergy of business startups, innovation, and the Internet Plus. Platforms will be created for crowd innovation, crowd support, crowdsourcing, and crowdfunding, and mechanisms will be built to encourage new types of business startups and innovation-making through cooperation between enterprises, institutions of higher learning, research institutes, and makers. We will establish demonstration centers for business startups and innovation, foster a business startup and innovation service industry, and ensure angel investment, venture capital, industrial investment, and other investment develop in accordance with regulations. We will give our support to the development of a sharing economy and see that resources are used more efficiently and that more people take part and benefit. We will adopt more active, open, and effective policies to attract talent from overseas. We will strengthen the protection and use of intellectual property rights and look to the law to crack down on the infringement of these rights and on the production and sale of counterfeit products.

Third, we will deepen the reform of the management system for science and technology. Greater autonomy will be given to universities and research institutes, and red tape will be cut in the management of research projects. Policies and measures will be implemented to support the transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements, and tax incentives for stocks and options, and profit sharing and bonus plans will be improved to encourage researchers to start businesses and make innovations. We will foster a culture of innovation and create an enabling environment for innovation in which people venture to break new ground and failure is tolerated. I am sure that these initiatives will inspire entrepreneurialism and motivate our society to start businesses and make innovations, and thus create a powerful force to drive development.

著力化解過剩產(chǎn)能和降本增效。重點(diǎn)抓好鋼鐵、煤炭等困難行業(yè)去產(chǎn)能，堅(jiān)持市場倒逼、企業(yè)主體、地方組織、中央支持，運(yùn)用經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律、技術(shù)、環(huán)保、質(zhì)量、安全等手段，嚴(yán)格控制新增產(chǎn)能，堅(jiān)決淘汰落后產(chǎn)能，有序退出過剩產(chǎn)能。采取兼并重組、債務(wù)重組或破產(chǎn)清算等措施，積極穩(wěn)妥處置“僵尸企業(yè)”。完善財(cái)政、金融等支持政策，中央財(cái)政安排1000億元專項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)補(bǔ)資金，重點(diǎn)用于職工分流安置。采取綜合措施，降低企業(yè)交易、物流、財(cái)務(wù)、用能等成本，堅(jiān)決遏制涉企亂收費(fèi)，對違規(guī)行為要嚴(yán)肅查處。

– We will ensure that overcapacity is cut, costs are lowered, and business performance is improved.

We will focus on addressing the overcapacity in the steel, coal, and other industries facing difficulties. In this process, the market should serve as a check, enterprises should be the major actors, local governments should play a coordinating role, and the central government should provide support. We will use economic, legal, technological, environmental, quality inspection, and safety-related means to strictly control the expansion of production capacity, shut down outdated production facilities, and eliminate overcapacity in a planned way. We will address the issue of “zombie enterprises” proactively yet prudently by using measures such as mergers, reorganizations, debt restructurings, and bankruptcy liquidations. Fiscal, financial, and other policies will be improved to support this work. One hundred billion yuan in rewards and subsidies will be provided by the central government, which will be mainly used to resettle employees laid off from these enterprises. We will take a full range of measures to reduce the transaction, logistics, financial, and energy consumption costs of enterprises, and work to put a stop to the collection of arbitrary and unwarranted fees from enterprises and be strict about investigating and punishing violations of regulations.

努力改善產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)供給。突出抓好三個(gè)方面。一是提升消費(fèi)品品質(zhì)。加快質(zhì)量安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接軌，建立商品質(zhì)量懲罰性賠償制度。鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)開展個(gè)性化定制、柔性化生產(chǎn)，培育精益求精的工匠精神，增品種、提品質(zhì)、創(chuàng)品牌。二是促進(jìn)制造業(yè)升級。深入推進(jìn)“中國制造+互聯(lián)網(wǎng)”，建設(shè)若干國家級制造業(yè)創(chuàng)新平臺，實(shí)施一批智能制造示范項(xiàng)目，啟動(dòng)工業(yè)強(qiáng)基、綠色制造、高端裝備等重大工程，組織實(shí)施重大技術(shù)改造升級工程。三是加快現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展。啟動(dòng)新一輪國家服務(wù)業(yè)綜合改革試點(diǎn)，實(shí)施高技術(shù)服務(wù)業(yè)創(chuàng)新工程，大力發(fā)展數(shù)字創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)。放寬市場準(zhǔn)入，提高生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)專業(yè)化、生活性服務(wù)業(yè)精細(xì)化水平。建設(shè)一批光網(wǎng)城市，推進(jìn)5萬個(gè)行政村通光纖，讓更多城鄉(xiāng)居民享受數(shù)字化生活。

– We will work to ensure the supply of goods and services is improved.

We will concentrate our efforts on the following three areas:

First, we will see that the quality of consumer goods is improved. We will move faster to bring domestic quality and safety standards in line with international standards, and establish a system for making producers pay punitive compensation for failing to meet product quality standards. We will also encourage enterprises to use flexible and custom-tailored production processes and foster a craftsmanship spirit of striving for the best, so that more types of products, products of a higher quality, and brand products will be made.

Second, we will work to upgrade manufacturing. We will intensify efforts to promote the integrated development of Made in China 2025 and the Internet Plus action plan; build national platforms for innovation in manufacturing; carry out demonstration programs in smart manufacturing; launch projects to build a more solid foundation for industry development, promote green manufacturing, and develop high-end equipment; and carry out major technological transformation and upgrading initiatives.

Third, we will accelerate the development of the modern service sector. We will launch a new round of national pilot projects for all-round service sector reform as well as projects to promote innovation in high-tech services, and channel great efforts into developing the digital creative industries. We will relax restrictions on market access to the service sector, and ensure greater specialization in producer services and higher refinement in consumer services. Fiber-optic networks will be developed in a number of cities and 50,000 administrative villages will be linked up to fiber-optic networks, thus enabling more urban and rural residents to enjoy a more digital way of life.

大力推進(jìn)國有企業(yè)改革。今明兩年，要以改革促發(fā)展，堅(jiān)決打好國有企業(yè)提質(zhì)增效攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)。推動(dòng)國有企業(yè)特別是中央企業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，創(chuàng)新發(fā)展一批，重組整合一批，清理退出一批。推進(jìn)股權(quán)多元化改革，開展落實(shí)企業(yè)董事會(huì)職權(quán)、市場化選聘經(jīng)營者、職業(yè)經(jīng)理人制度、混合所有制、員工持股等試點(diǎn)。深化企業(yè)用人制度改革，探索建立與市場化選任方式相適應(yīng)的高層次人才和企業(yè)經(jīng)營管理者薪酬制度。加快改組組建國有資本投資、運(yùn)營公司。以管資本為主推進(jìn)國有資產(chǎn)監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)職能轉(zhuǎn)變，防止國有資產(chǎn)流失，實(shí)現(xiàn)國有資產(chǎn)保值增值。賦予地方更多國有企業(yè)改革自主權(quán)。加快剝離國有企業(yè)辦社會(huì)職能，解決歷史遺留問題，讓國有企業(yè)瘦身健體，增強(qiáng)核心競爭力。

– We will push for progress in SOE reform.

This year and next, we will use reform to promote the development of SOEs and push hard to ensure success in upgrading them and improving their performance. We will prompt SOEs, especially those managed by the central government, to make structural adjustments so that some will be developed through innovation, others will be reorganized or merged, and still others will exit the market. We will carry out reforms to diversify their types of equity and introduce on a trial basis the assumption of powers and responsibilities by corporate boards of directors, competitive open selection and recruitment of executives, recruitment of professional managers, mixed ownership, and employee equity stakes. We will deepen the reform of the enterprise personnel management system and explore the possibility of establishing remuneration systems for senior ranking personnel and corporate executives that are compatible with competitive selection and recruitment. We will work faster to establish state capital investment and management companies through reorganization. To prevent the loss of state assets and ensure their value is maintained or increased, we will encourage state-owned asset supervisory and management authorities to shift their focus to the use of state capital. Local governments will be granted more power over SOE reform. We will move more quickly to relieve SOEs of their obligations to operate social programs and resolve their other longstanding issues, enabling them to become leaner and healthier and to increase their core competitiveness.

更好激發(fā)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)活力。大幅放寬電力、電信、交通、石油、天然氣、市政公用等領(lǐng)域市場準(zhǔn)入，消除各種隱性壁壘，鼓勵(lì)民營企業(yè)擴(kuò)大投資、參與國有企業(yè)改革。在項(xiàng)目核準(zhǔn)、融資服務(wù)、財(cái)稅政策、土地使用等方面一視同仁。依法平等保護(hù)各種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)權(quán)，嚴(yán)肅查處侵犯非公有制企業(yè)及非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)人士合法權(quán)益的行為，營造公平、公正、透明、穩(wěn)定的法治環(huán)境，構(gòu)建新型政商關(guān)系，促進(jìn)各類企業(yè)各展其長、共同發(fā)展。

– We will energize the non-public sector.

We will significantly relax restrictions on entry into markets such as electricity, telecommunications, transport, petroleum, natural gas, and municipal public utilities, remove hidden barriers, and encourage private companies to increase investment in these areas and participate in SOE reform. In these fields, private companies will enjoy the same treatment afforded to SOEs in terms of project verification and approval, financing, fiscal and tax policies, and land availability. We will, in accordance with the law, provide equal protection to the property rights of entities under all forms of ownership; and we will ensure that, without fail, infringements on the legitimate rights and interests of non-public sector enterprises and individuals are investigated and prosecuted. We will create a rule of law environment that is fair, just, transparent, and stable and establish new government-business relations to help all types of enterprises develop side by side based on their own respective strengths.

（三）深挖國內(nèi)需求潛力，開拓發(fā)展更大空間。適度擴(kuò)大需求總量，積極調(diào)整改革需求結(jié)構(gòu)，促進(jìn)供給需求有效對接、投資消費(fèi)有機(jī)結(jié)合、城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，形成對經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展穩(wěn)定而持久的內(nèi)需支撐。

3. Tap the potential of domestic demand to increase the space for development

We will work to achieve a moderate expansion of aggregate demand, adjust and reform the composition of demand, strive for better alignment between supply and demand and between investment and consumption, and work to achieve greater balance in the development of urban and rural areas and of different regions. This will create steady and long-term domestic demand to sustain economic development.

增強(qiáng)消費(fèi)拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的基礎(chǔ)作用。適應(yīng)消費(fèi)升級趨勢，破除政策障礙，優(yōu)化消費(fèi)環(huán)境，維護(hù)消費(fèi)者權(quán)益。支持發(fā)展養(yǎng)老、健康、家政、教育培訓(xùn)、文化體育等服務(wù)消費(fèi)。壯大網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息、智能家居、個(gè)性時(shí)尚等新興消費(fèi)。促進(jìn)線上線下協(xié)調(diào)互動(dòng)、平等競爭，推動(dòng)實(shí)體商業(yè)創(chuàng)新轉(zhuǎn)型。完善物流配送網(wǎng)絡(luò)，促進(jìn)快遞業(yè)健康發(fā)展。活躍二手車市場，大力發(fā)展和推廣以電動(dòng)汽車為主的新能源汽車，加快建設(shè)城市停車場和充電設(shè)施。在全國開展消費(fèi)金融公司試點(diǎn)，鼓勵(lì)金融機(jī)構(gòu)創(chuàng)新消費(fèi)信貸產(chǎn)品。降低部分消費(fèi)品進(jìn)口關(guān)稅，增設(shè)免稅店。落實(shí)帶薪休假制度，加強(qiáng)旅游交通、景區(qū)景點(diǎn)、自駕車營地等設(shè)施建設(shè)，規(guī)范旅游市場秩序，迎接正在興起的大眾旅游時(shí)代。

– We will strengthen the foundational role of consumption in promoting economic growth.

To adapt to the trend toward high-end consumption, we will remove policy barriers, improve the consumer environment, and safeguard the rights and interests of consumers. We will support the growth of consumption in elderly care, health services, housekeeping services, educational and training services, and cultural and sports services. We will work to strengthen the growth of emerging areas of consumption such as information goods and services, smart homes, and personalized fashion. We will promote coordination, interaction, and fair competition between the online and the offline and encourage physical stores to transform themselves through innovation. We will help ensure the improvement of logistics networks and the healthy development of express delivery services. We will work to stimulate the second-hand car market, channel great effort into developing and promoting the use of new-energy vehicles, particularly electric vehicles, and move faster to build urban car parks and install charging facilities. We will carry out nationwide trials to set up consumer financing companies and encourage financial institutions to develop new consumer credit products. We will cut import tariffs on some consumer goods and increase the number of duty-free stores. We will ensure people are able to take their paid vacations, strengthen the development of tourist and transport facilities, scenic spots and tourist sites, and recreational vehicle parks, and see that the tourist market operates in line with regulations. With these efforts, we will usher in a new era of mass tourism.

發(fā)揮有效投資對穩(wěn)增長調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)鍵作用。我國基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和民生領(lǐng)域有許多短板，產(chǎn)業(yè)亟需改造升級，有效投資仍有很大空間。今年要啟動(dòng)一批“十三五”規(guī)劃重大項(xiàng)目。完成鐵路投資8000億元以上、公路投資1.65萬億元，再開工20項(xiàng)重大水利工程，建設(shè)水電核電、特高壓輸電、智能電網(wǎng)、油氣管網(wǎng)、城市軌道交通等重大項(xiàng)目。中央預(yù)算內(nèi)投資安排5000億元。深化投融資體制改革，繼續(xù)以市場化方式籌集專項(xiàng)建設(shè)基金，推動(dòng)地方融資平臺轉(zhuǎn)型改制進(jìn)行市場化融資，探索基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等資產(chǎn)證券化，擴(kuò)大債券融資規(guī)模。完善政府和社會(huì)資本合作模式，用好1800億元引導(dǎo)基金，依法嚴(yán)格履行合同，充分激發(fā)社會(huì)資本參與熱情。

– We will see that effective investment plays a key role in maintaining stable growth and making structural adjustments.

The many weak areas in infrastructure and public services in China and the urgent need for industry upgrading leave vast scope for growth in effective investment. This year, we will launch a number of projects set forth in the 13th Five-Year Plan. More than 800 billion yuan will be invested in railway construction, and investment in road construction will reach 1.65 trillion yuan. A further 20 water conservancy projects will be carried out, and major projects will be launched to develop hydropower, nuclear power, ultra high-voltage power transmission, smart grids, pipelines for oil and gas transmission, and urban rail transit. Central government budgetary investment will be 500 billion yuan. We will deepen the reform of the investment and financing systems. Funds for specific projects will continue to be raised through market-based mechanisms. Local financing platforms will be required to transform themselves and shift toward market-based financing, the securitization of tangible assets such as infrastructure will be explored, and debt financing will be increased. We will improve the public-private partnership model, make good use of the 180 billion yuan in seed funds, and strictly honor contracts in accordance with the law, so as to bring the enthusiasm of private investors to the table.

深入推進(jìn)新型城鎮(zhèn)化。城鎮(zhèn)化是現(xiàn)代化的必由之路，是我國最大的內(nèi)需潛力和發(fā)展動(dòng)能所在。今年重點(diǎn)抓好三項(xiàng)工作。一是加快農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口市民化。深化戶籍制度改革，放寬城鎮(zhèn)落戶條件，建立健全“人地錢”掛鉤政策。擴(kuò)大新型城鎮(zhèn)化綜合試點(diǎn)范圍。居住證具有很高的含金量，要加快覆蓋未落戶的城鎮(zhèn)常住人口，使他們依法享有居住地義務(wù)教育、就業(yè)、醫(yī)療等基本公共服務(wù)。發(fā)展中西部地區(qū)中小城市和小城鎮(zhèn)，容納更多的農(nóng)民工就近就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)，讓他們掙錢顧家兩不誤。二是推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)保障性安居工程建設(shè)和房地產(chǎn)市場健康發(fā)展。今年棚戶區(qū)住房改造600萬套，提高棚改貨幣化安置比例。完善支持居民住房合理消費(fèi)的稅收、信貸政策，適應(yīng)住房剛性需求和改善性需求，因城施策化解房地產(chǎn)庫存，促進(jìn)房地產(chǎn)市場平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。建立租購并舉的住房制度，把符合條件的外來人口逐步納入公租房供應(yīng)范圍。三是加強(qiáng)城市規(guī)劃建設(shè)管理。增強(qiáng)城市規(guī)劃的科學(xué)性、前瞻性、權(quán)威性、公開性，促進(jìn)“多規(guī)合一”。開工建設(shè)城市地下綜合管廊2000公里以上。積極推廣綠色建筑和建材，大力發(fā)展鋼結(jié)構(gòu)和裝配式建筑，加快標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)，提高建筑技術(shù)水平和工程質(zhì)量。推進(jìn)城市管理體制創(chuàng)新，打造智慧城市，完善公共交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)，治理交通擁堵等突出問題，改善人居環(huán)境，使人民群眾生活得更安心、更省心、更舒心。

– We will advance new urbanization.

Urbanization is the path we need to take to develop a modern China. It is where we will find the greatest potential for domestic demand and the most powerful force for sustaining economic development. This year, we will take the following three major steps regarding urbanization.

First, we will move faster to see that urban residency is granted to more people with rural household registration living in urban areas.

We will deepen reform of the household registration system and relax restrictions on eligibility for urban residency. We will introduce policies for making both the transfer payments and the land designated for urban development granted to the government of a local jurisdiction conditional upon the number of people with rural household registration who are granted permanent urban residency in that jurisdiction. The full range of trials for developing new urbanization will be extended to more areas. Residence cards are important assets for their holders. We must move faster to ensure that permanent urban residents without urban residency are issued residence cards, thus enabling them to enjoy, as provided for by law, the right to access compulsory education, employment, medical care, and other basic public services. We will promote the development of small towns and small and medium-sized cities in the central and western regions to help more rural migrant workers find employment or start businesses in urban areas closer to home so that they do not have to choose between earning money and taking care of the families they leave behind.

Second, we will promote the construction of government-subsidized housing in urban areas and the healthy development of the real estate market.

This year, we will see to it that six million housing units are rebuilt in rundown urban areas and that more people displaced by the rebuilding of such areas receive monetary housing compensation rather than housing. Taking into consideration people’s demand for buying homes or improving their housing situation, we will improve the tax and credit policies to support justified personal housing consumption and adopt different policies in different cities as appropriate to their local conditions, in order to cut housing inventory and promote stability in the real estate market. We will put in place a housing system which encourages both renting and purchasing and, over time, enable eligible non-registered urban residents to apply for public rental housing.

Third, we will redouble our efforts to improve urban planning, development, and management.

We will make urban planning more sound, forward-looking, authoritative, and transparent and encourage local governments to integrate their various types of urban plans into a single master plan. Construction will begin on at least 2,000 kilometers of utility tunnels. We will actively promote environmentally friendly buildings and construction materials, make a big push to develop steel understructures and prefabricated modules, accelerate work to ensure adherence to construction standards, and see that the level of technique in building and the quality of construction projects are improved. We will encourage institutional innovation in urban management, work hard to create smart cities, improve public transport networks, address traffic congestion and other prominent problems, and improve living environments so that people can enjoy a more secure, relaxing, and satisfying city life.

優(yōu)化區(qū)域發(fā)展格局。深入推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)，落實(shí)京津冀協(xié)同發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要，加快長江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶發(fā)展。制定實(shí)施西部大開發(fā)“十三五”規(guī)劃，實(shí)施新一輪東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興戰(zhàn)略，出臺促進(jìn)中部地區(qū)崛起新十年規(guī)劃，支持東部地區(qū)在體制創(chuàng)新、陸海統(tǒng)籌等方面率先突破。促進(jìn)資源型地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升級。支持革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)、貧困地區(qū)發(fā)展。制定和實(shí)施國家海洋戰(zhàn)略，維護(hù)國家海洋權(quán)益，保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境，拓展藍(lán)色經(jīng)濟(jì)空間，建設(shè)海洋強(qiáng)國。

– We will work to improve the layout of development across regions.

We will push ahead with the Belt and Road Initiative, carry out the development plan for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and speed up the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt. We will draw up and implement the 13th Five-Year Planfor the large-scale development of the western region, implement a new round of strategies for revitalizing the old industrial bases in the Northeast and other parts of the country, adopt the new ten-year plan for fuelling the rise of the central region, and support the eastern region as it leads the country in making breakthroughs in institutional innovation and coordinated land and maritime development. We will promote the economic transformation and upgrading of resource-dependent regions. We will support the development of old revolutionary base areas, areas with concentrations of ethnic minorities, border areas, and poor areas. We will work out and implement a national maritime strategy, safeguard national maritime rights and interests, protect marine ecosystems and habitats, and open up more space for the blue economy so as to strengthen China’s maritime development.

（四）加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)，促進(jìn)農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收。繼續(xù)毫不放松抓好“三農(nóng)”工作，完善強(qiáng)農(nóng)惠農(nóng)富農(nóng)政策，深化農(nóng)村改革，拓展農(nóng)民就業(yè)增收渠道，著力提高農(nóng)業(yè)質(zhì)量、效益和競爭力。

4. Speed up efforts to develop modern agriculture and ensure sustained increases in rural incomes

We will, with as much care and attention as ever, continue focusing on our work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers. We will strengthen policy support for these areas, deepen rural reform, expand the channels through which farmers can find employment and increase their income, and work to ensure that the quality, performance, and competitiveness of agriculture improve.

加快農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。糧食連續(xù)增產(chǎn)，為穩(wěn)定物價(jià)、改善民生提供了有力保障，但也面臨庫存大幅增加、市場價(jià)格下跌等問題。要完善農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格形成機(jī)制，引導(dǎo)農(nóng)民適應(yīng)市場需求調(diào)整種養(yǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)，適當(dāng)調(diào)減玉米種植面積。按照“市場定價(jià)、價(jià)補(bǔ)分離”原則，積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)玉米收儲制度改革，保障農(nóng)民合理收益。要多措并舉消化糧食庫存，大力支持農(nóng)產(chǎn)品精深加工，發(fā)展畜牧業(yè)，延伸農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條；制定新一輪退耕還林還草方案，今年退耕還林還草1500萬畝以上，這件事一舉多得，務(wù)必抓好。積極發(fā)展多種形式農(nóng)業(yè)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營，完善對家庭農(nóng)場、專業(yè)大戶、農(nóng)民合作社等新型經(jīng)營主體的扶持政策，培養(yǎng)新型職業(yè)農(nóng)民，鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)戶依法自愿有償流轉(zhuǎn)承包地，開展土地股份合作、聯(lián)合或土地托管。深化農(nóng)村集體產(chǎn)權(quán)、農(nóng)墾、集體林權(quán)、國有林場、農(nóng)田水利、供銷社等改革。

– We will speed up structural adjustment in agriculture.

The output of food crops has continued to rise in recent years. This has helped to keep prices stable and ensure people’s wellbeing, but it has also resulted in a buildup of excess stockpiles and falling market prices. To resolve this problem, we will improve the pricing mechanisms for agricultural products, while guiding farmers in adjusting what and how much they grow and breed in response to market demand and in making appropriate reductions to the amount of cultivated land devoted to growing corn. Following the principle of letting the market determine prices and delinking subsidies from prices, we will reform in an active yet prudent way the system of corn purchase and storage to ensure reasonable returns for corn-growing farmers. We will adopt a full range of measures to reduce excess stockpiles of food, provide strong support for the processing of agricultural products to increase their value, develop the livestock industry, and extend the agricultural production chain. We will formulate a plan for a new round of initiatives to turn marginal farmland into forest or grassland, with the target for this year being more than one million hectares. There is much to be gained in this, and it must be carried out to full effect.

We will promote the development of suitably scaled-up agricultural operations in diversified forms; improve policy support for family farms, large and specialized agricultural family operations, farming cooperatives, and other emerging forms of agribusiness; and cultivate a new type of skilled farmer. We will encourage farmers, on a voluntary basis and in accordance with relevant laws, to transfer the land they contract to work on in return for compensation, enter into cooperation or association based on land as shares, or place their land under trusteeship. We will deepen the reform of the rural collective property rights system, state farms on reclaimed land, collective forest tenure, state forestry farms, farmland irrigation and water conservancy, and rural supply and marketing cooperatives.

強(qiáng)化農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)支撐。全面完成永久基本農(nóng)田劃定并實(shí)行特殊保護(hù)，加強(qiáng)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)，增加深松土地1.5億畝，新增高效節(jié)水灌溉面積2000萬畝。探索耕地輪作休耕制度試點(diǎn)。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新與推廣，深入開展糧食綠色高產(chǎn)高效創(chuàng)建，實(shí)施化肥農(nóng)藥零增長行動(dòng)。保障財(cái)政對農(nóng)業(yè)投入，建立全國農(nóng)業(yè)信貸擔(dān)保體系，完善農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)制度和農(nóng)村金融服務(wù)，引導(dǎo)帶動(dòng)更多資金投向現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)。

– The foundation of agriculture will be strengthened.

We will complete our work nationwide on designating permanent basic cropland and provide special protection for such cropland, promote the development of high-standard cropland, improve the subsoil of an additional ten million hectares of cropland, and increase the area of cropland covered by efficient water-saving irrigation by 1.33 million hectares. We will explore trials of crop rotation and fallow land. We will promote the innovation and application of agricultural science and technology. We will promote green, high-yield, and cost efficient food crop production and achieve zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizers and insecticides. In fiscal allocations, investment in agriculture will be ensured, a national agricultural credit guaranty system will be established, the agricultural insurance system and rural financial services will be improved, and more investment in agricultural modernization will be encouraged.

改善農(nóng)村公共設(shè)施和服務(wù)。加大農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)力度，新建改建農(nóng)村公路20萬公里，具備條件的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)和建制村要加快通硬化路、通客車。抓緊新一輪農(nóng)村電網(wǎng)改造升級，兩年內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村穩(wěn)定可靠供電服務(wù)和平原地區(qū)機(jī)井通電全覆蓋。實(shí)施飲水安全鞏固提升工程。推動(dòng)電子商務(wù)進(jìn)農(nóng)村。開展農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境整治，建設(shè)美麗宜居鄉(xiāng)村。

– We will improve public services and facilities in rural areas.

We will step up the development of rural infrastructure. An additional 200,000 kilometers of rural roads will be built or upgraded. In towns, townships, and incorporated villages, where conditions allow, efforts should be stepped up to build paved roads and provide access to bus services. We will act promptly to launch a new round of efforts to upgrade rural power grids, and our goal is to ensure a stable and reliable supply of power to all rural areas and all electric pump sets on rural flatlands within the next two years. We will build on past progress to make further advances in providing access to safe drinking water. We will encourage the introduction of e-commerce into rural areas. We will work hard to improve rural living environments, building an even more livable and beautiful countryside.

實(shí)施脫貧攻堅(jiān)工程。今年要完成1000萬以上農(nóng)村貧困人口脫貧任務(wù)，其中易地搬遷脫貧200萬人以上，繼續(xù)推進(jìn)貧困農(nóng)戶危房改造。中央財(cái)政扶貧資金增長43.4%。在貧困縣推進(jìn)涉農(nóng)資金整合。堅(jiān)持精準(zhǔn)扶貧脫貧，因人因地施策。大力培育特色產(chǎn)業(yè)，支持就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)。解決好通路、通水、通電、通網(wǎng)絡(luò)等問題，增強(qiáng)集中連片特困地區(qū)和貧困人口發(fā)展能力。國家各項(xiàng)惠民政策和民生項(xiàng)目，要向貧困地區(qū)傾斜。深入開展定點(diǎn)扶貧、東西協(xié)作扶貧，支持社會(huì)力量參與脫貧攻堅(jiān)。扶貧脫貧是硬任務(wù)，各級政府已經(jīng)立下軍令狀，必須按時(shí)保質(zhì)保量完成。

– We will combat poverty.

This year, we will help more than ten million rural residents lift themselves out of poverty, including over two million poor residents who are to be relocated from inhospitable areas, and continue to rebuild the dilapidated housing of poor rural households. Central government funds for poverty alleviation efforts will be increased by 43.4%. In poor counties, various funds for rural development will be integrated. We will take targeted measures to alleviate and eliminate poverty in light of local conditions. We will channel significant energy into cultivating business operations with distinctive local features in support of employment and business development. We will construct infrastructure such as roads, water and power supply, and Internet access, and work to strengthen the ability of contiguous poor areas and persons in need to achieve development. National programs aimed at providing people with policy support and promoting people’s wellbeing will be weighted toward poor areas. We will give stronger support to targeted poor areas, encourage the eastern region to help in the alleviation of poverty in the western region, and support nongovernmental participation in combatting poverty. Poverty reduction is a must, governments at all levels have made the pledge, and it must be accomplished both qualitatively and quantitatively within the timeframe set.

（五）推進(jìn)新一輪高水平對外開放，著力實(shí)現(xiàn)合作共贏。面對國際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作和競爭格局的深刻變化，順應(yīng)國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)提質(zhì)增效升級的迫切需要，要堅(jiān)定不移擴(kuò)大對外開放，在開放中增強(qiáng)發(fā)展新動(dòng)能、增添改革新動(dòng)力、增創(chuàng)競爭新優(yōu)勢。

5. Carry out a new round of high-quality opening up and work to achieve mutually beneficial cooperation

In the face of profound changes in international economic cooperation and competition, and in response to the urgent need to improve the performance of and upgrade China’s economy, we must open wider to the outside world with unwavering resolve. By doing so, we can strengthen new drivers of development, add new forces to propel reform forward, and create new competitive strengths for China.

扎實(shí)推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)。統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)區(qū)域開發(fā)開放與國際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作，共同打造陸上經(jīng)濟(jì)走廊和海上合作支點(diǎn)，推動(dòng)互聯(lián)互通、經(jīng)貿(mào)合作、人文交流。構(gòu)建沿線大通關(guān)合作機(jī)制，建設(shè)國際物流大通道。推進(jìn)邊境經(jīng)濟(jì)合作區(qū)、跨境經(jīng)濟(jì)合作區(qū)、境外經(jīng)貿(mào)合作區(qū)建設(shè)。堅(jiān)持共商共建共享，使“一帶一路”成為和平友誼紐帶、共同繁榮之路。

– We will work to secure solid progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative.

We will promote domestic regional development and opening up and international economic cooperation in a coordinated way, work with other countries and regions to build overland economic corridors and maritime cooperation hubs, and promote connectivity, economic and trade cooperation, and cultural exchange. We will work to develop cooperative mechanisms for achieving compatibility in customs clearance procedures along the routes and build international logistics networks. We will promote the development of border economic cooperation zones, cross-border economic cooperation zones, and overseas economic and trade cooperation zones. With a commitment to achieving common development and shared growth through joint consultation, we will ensure that the Belt and Road Initiative creates bonds of peace, friendship, and common prosperity.

擴(kuò)大國際產(chǎn)能合作。堅(jiān)持企業(yè)為主、政府推動(dòng)、市場化運(yùn)作，實(shí)施一批重大示范項(xiàng)目。落實(shí)和完善財(cái)稅金融支持政策，設(shè)立人民幣海外合作基金，用好雙邊產(chǎn)能合作基金。推動(dòng)裝備、技術(shù)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、服務(wù)走出去，打造中國制造金字品牌。

– We will work to achieve greater industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries.

We will launch demonstration projects in accordance with the principle that enterprises should be the main actors, that government should provide support, and that operations should be market based. We will improve and implement related supporting fiscal, tax, and financial policies, establish an RMB overseas cooperation fund and make good use of bilateral industrial-capacity cooperation funds. We will promote greater use of Chinese equipment, technology, standards, and services in the international market, and help Chinese manufacturing brands gain international recognition.

促進(jìn)外貿(mào)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展。面對外需持續(xù)低迷的嚴(yán)峻形勢，要多措并舉，遏制進(jìn)出口下滑勢頭。一要加快落實(shí)和完善政策。優(yōu)化出口退稅率結(jié)構(gòu)，確保及時(shí)足額退稅，嚴(yán)厲打擊騙取退稅。增加短期出口信用保險(xiǎn)規(guī)模，實(shí)現(xiàn)成套設(shè)備出口融資保險(xiǎn)應(yīng)保盡保。二要鼓勵(lì)商業(yè)模式創(chuàng)新。擴(kuò)大跨境電子商務(wù)試點(diǎn)，支持企業(yè)建設(shè)一批出口產(chǎn)品“海外倉”，促進(jìn)外貿(mào)綜合服務(wù)企業(yè)發(fā)展。三要優(yōu)化貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)。開展服務(wù)貿(mào)易創(chuàng)新發(fā)展試點(diǎn)，增加服務(wù)外包示范城市，加快發(fā)展文化對外貿(mào)易。進(jìn)一步整合優(yōu)化海關(guān)特殊監(jiān)管區(qū)域，促進(jìn)加工貿(mào)易向中西部地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移、向產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈中高端延伸。四要推進(jìn)貿(mào)易便利化。全面推廣國際貿(mào)易“單一窗口”。降低出口商品查驗(yàn)率。五要實(shí)施更加積極的進(jìn)口政策。擴(kuò)大先進(jìn)技術(shù)設(shè)備、關(guān)鍵零部件及緊缺能源原材料進(jìn)口。

– We will develop innovative ways to promote foreign trade.

Faced with continuously weak foreign demand, we need to take a combination of measures to stop the decline in imports and exports.

First, we will move faster to improve and implement policies.

We will improve the structure of export tax rebate rates, ensure rebates are paid promptly and in full, and crack down on fraudulent claims. We will increase short-term export-credit insurance and provide export financing insurance for all insurable complete sets of equipment.

Second, we will encourage innovative business models.

We will expand trials in cross-border e-commerce, support enterprises in developing overseas warehouses for export products, and promote the development of enterprises that provide comprehensive foreign trade services.

Third, we will improve the trade mix.

We will launch trials to create innovative ways of developing trade in services, see that more cities become trendsetters in providing foreign outsourced services, and accelerate the development of foreign trade in cultural goods and services. We will further integrate and improve special customs regulation zones, and encourage processing trade to move to the central and western regions and extend to the medium-high end of the industrial chain.

Fourth, we will further facilitate trade.

We will see that the single window system is implemented for international trade nationwide. We will reduce the frequency of inspections for exports.

Fifth, we will adopt a more proactive import policy.

We will increase the import of advanced technology and equipment, key spare parts and components, and energy and raw materials in short supply in China.

提高利用外資水平。繼續(xù)放寬投資準(zhǔn)入，擴(kuò)大服務(wù)業(yè)和一般制造業(yè)開放，簡化外商投資企業(yè)設(shè)立程序，加大招商引資力度。創(chuàng)新內(nèi)陸和沿邊開放模式，打造新的外向型產(chǎn)業(yè)集群，引導(dǎo)外資更多投向中西部地區(qū)。擴(kuò)大自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)試點(diǎn)。創(chuàng)新開發(fā)區(qū)體制機(jī)制。我們將營造更加公平、更為透明、更可預(yù)期的投資環(huán)境，中國要始終成為富有吸引力的外商投資熱土。

– We will work to make better use of overseas investment.

We will continue to relax market access restrictions on investment, further open the service sector and the general manufacturing sector, simplify procedures for establishing companies with overseas investment, and step up efforts to attract more investment. We will create new models of opening up for inland and border areas, develop new overseas-oriented industrial clusters, and encourage more overseas investment in the central and western regions. Pilot free trade zones will be established in more parts of the country. We will improve the systems and mechanisms for governing development zones. With these efforts, China’s investment environment will become even more fair, transparent, and predictable, and China will be able to maintain strong appeal and serve as a favorite destination for overseas investment.

加快實(shí)施自由貿(mào)易區(qū)戰(zhàn)略。積極商簽區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定，加快中日韓自貿(mào)區(qū)等談判，推進(jìn)中美、中歐投資協(xié)定談判，加強(qiáng)亞太自貿(mào)區(qū)聯(lián)合戰(zhàn)略研究。我們愿與各方一道，推進(jìn)貿(mào)易投資自由化，共同構(gòu)建均衡、共贏、包容的國際經(jīng)貿(mào)體系。

– We will accelerate implementation of the free trade zone strategy.

We wish to actively negotiate and sign the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement. We will help speed up negotiations on the establishment of the China-Japan-RoK free trade area. We will work to make progress in negotiations on investment agreements between China and the United States and between China and the European Union. We will help strengthen collective strategic research on the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific. China wishes to work with all interested parties to move ahead with trade and investment liberalization and establish an international economic and trade system that is balanced, inclusive, and beneficial for all.

（六）加大環(huán)境治理力度，推動(dòng)綠色發(fā)展取得新突破。治理污染、保護(hù)環(huán)境，事關(guān)人民群眾健康和可持續(xù)發(fā)展，必須強(qiáng)力推進(jìn)，下決心走出一條經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境改善雙贏之路。

6. Step up environmental governance efforts and work to see breakthroughs in green development

Pollution control and environmental protection are important to both the health of our people and sustainable development, so we must work hard moving forward and resolve to take a path that leads to both economic development and environmental improvement.

重拳治理大氣霧霾和水污染。今年化學(xué)需氧量、氨氮排放量要分別下降2%，二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量分別下降3%，重點(diǎn)地區(qū)細(xì)顆粒物（PM2.5）濃度繼續(xù)下降。著力抓好減少燃煤排放和機(jī)動(dòng)車排放。加強(qiáng)煤炭清潔高效利用，減少散煤使用，推進(jìn)以電代煤、以氣代煤。全面實(shí)施燃煤電廠超低排放和節(jié)能改造。加快淘汰不符合強(qiáng)制性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的燃煤鍋爐。增加天然氣供應(yīng)，完善風(fēng)能、太陽能、生物質(zhì)能等發(fā)展扶持政策，提高清潔能源比重。鼓勵(lì)秸稈資源化綜合利用，限制直接焚燒。全面推廣車用燃油國五標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，淘汰黃標(biāo)車和老舊車380萬輛。在重點(diǎn)區(qū)域?qū)嵭写髿馕廴韭?lián)防聯(lián)控。全面推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)污水處理設(shè)施建設(shè)與改造，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染和流域水環(huán)境綜合治理。加大工業(yè)污染源治理力度，對排污企業(yè)全面實(shí)行在線監(jiān)測。強(qiáng)化環(huán)境保護(hù)督察，做到獎(jiǎng)懲分明。新修訂的環(huán)境保護(hù)法必須嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行，對超排偷排者必須依法嚴(yán)厲打擊，對姑息縱容者必須依法嚴(yán)肅追究。

– We will take strong measures against air and water pollution.

This year, we will ensure that chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions are both reduced by 2%, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions are cut by 3%, and the density of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in key areas continues to fall. We will focus on promoting the reduction of emissions from the burning of coal and motor vehicles. We will work to promote cleaner and more efficient use of coal, ensure there is less use of untreated coal, and do more to see coal substituted with electricity and natural gas. We will upgrade coal-burning power plants nationwide to achieve ultra-low emissions and energy efficiency, and we will move faster to shut down coal-fired boilers that do not meet compulsory standards.

We will increase natural gas supply, improve policy support for the development of wind, solar, and biomass energy, and increase the proportion of clean energy in total energy consumption. We will encourage a whole range of forms of straw utilization and restrict open burning. We will push for the use of automobile gasoline and diesel fuel that meet National-V standards nationwide and see that 3.8 million old or high-emission vehicles are taken off the roads.

We will coordinate efforts to prevent and control air pollution in regions where it presents a problem. We will press ahead with the nationwide development and upgrading of urban sewage treatment facilities, and strengthen comprehensive efforts aimed at controlling agricultural pollution from non-point sources and at improving the water environment in river basin areas. We will step up efforts to deal with industrial pollution at the source and conduct online monitoring of all polluting enterprises. We will strengthen environmental inspection and reward and punish as appropriate. We must ensure that the newly revised Environmental Protection Lawis strictly enforced, that those who emit pollutants beyond the limit allowed by their permit or without a permit are severely punished as stipulated by law, and that those who knowingly allow such violations are held to account in accordance with the law.

大力發(fā)展節(jié)能環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)。擴(kuò)大綠色環(huán)保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)覆蓋面。完善扶持政策，支持推廣節(jié)能環(huán)保先進(jìn)技術(shù)裝備，廣泛開展合同能源管理和環(huán)境污染第三方治理，加大建筑節(jié)能改造力度，加快傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)綠色改造。開展全民節(jié)能、節(jié)水行動(dòng)，推進(jìn)垃圾分類處理，健全再生資源回收利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)，把節(jié)能環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)培育成我國發(fā)展的一大支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。

– We will work to develop the energy conservation and environmental protection industries.

We will ensure that environmental standards are applied in more areas. We will improve policy support to encourage the use of energy-saving and environmentally friendly advanced technologies and equipment, promote on a large scale contracted energy management and third-party treatment of environmental pollution, and work to see that energy-saving renovations in buildings are strengthened and efforts are accelerated to make traditional manufacturing more eco-friendly. We will encourage everyone to conserve energy and water, make progress in using sorted treatment of waste, improve the networks for recycling renewable resources, and turn the energy conservation and environmental protection industries into pillar industries underpinning China’s development.

加強(qiáng)生態(tài)安全屏障建設(shè)。健全生態(tài)保護(hù)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制。停止天然林商業(yè)性采伐，實(shí)行新一輪草原生態(tài)保護(hù)補(bǔ)助獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)政策。推進(jìn)地下水超采區(qū)綜合治理試點(diǎn)，實(shí)施濕地等生態(tài)保護(hù)與恢復(fù)工程，繼續(xù)治理荒漠化、石漠化和水土流失。保護(hù)環(huán)境，人人有責(zé)。每一個(gè)社會(huì)成員都要自覺行動(dòng)起來，為建設(shè)美麗中國貢獻(xiàn)力量。

– We will continue to develop ecological security barriers.

We will improve mechanisms for compensating for ecological conservation efforts. Commercial logging in natural forests will be banned, and a new round of subsidy and award policies for grassland ecological conservation efforts will be implemented. Trials to comprehensively deal with the over-abstraction of groundwater will be moved ahead, more will be done to protect and restore wetlands and other ecosystems, and continued efforts will be made to curb desertification, rock desertification, and soil erosion. Every one of us has an obligation to protect the environment – we call on every member of society to act and contribute to the building of a Beautiful China.

（七）切實(shí)保障改善民生，加強(qiáng)社會(huì)建設(shè)。為政之道，民生為本。我們要念之再三、銘之肺腑，多謀民生之利，多解民生之憂。財(cái)政收入增長雖放緩，但該給群眾辦的實(shí)事一件也不能少。

7. Strengthen social development to promote people’s well being

The best form of governance is that which puts people’s wellbeing first. We must never lose sight of this and do more to improve the lives of our people and address their concerns. Growth in government revenue is slowing, but when it comes to getting things done for the welfare of the people, we mustn’t drop a single thing.

著力擴(kuò)大就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)。實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策，鼓勵(lì)以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)。今年高校畢業(yè)生將高達(dá)765萬人，要落實(shí)好就業(yè)促進(jìn)計(jì)劃和創(chuàng)業(yè)引領(lǐng)計(jì)劃，促進(jìn)多渠道就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)。用好失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)基金結(jié)余，增加穩(wěn)就業(yè)資金規(guī)模，做好企業(yè)下崗職工技能培訓(xùn)和再就業(yè)工作，對城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)困難人員提供托底幫扶。完成2100萬人次以上農(nóng)民工職業(yè)技能提升培訓(xùn)任務(wù)。加強(qiáng)對靈活就業(yè)、新就業(yè)形態(tài)的扶持。切實(shí)做好退役軍人安置和就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)服務(wù)工作。

– We will promote growth in employment and new businesses.

We will pursue a more proactive employment policy and encourage business startups that create employment. This year, there will be up to 7.65 million college graduates. We will use multiple channels to increase employment and encourage entrepreneurship by implementing initiatives for promoting employment of college graduates and guiding them in starting up their own businesses. We will make good use of the surplus from unemployment insurance funds and increase funds for keeping job creation stable to provide skills training for laid-off enterprise employees and help them find new employment and offer basic needs assistance to those in urban areas who face difficulties in securing employment. Over 21 million training opportunities should be provided for migrant workers to improve their skills. We will strengthen assistance for flexible employment and new forms of employment. We will see that demobilized military personnel are settled into new jobs or have good access to employment and business startup services.

發(fā)展更高質(zhì)量更加公平的教育。教育承載著國家的未來、人民的期盼。公共教育投入要加大向中西部和邊遠(yuǎn)、貧困地區(qū)傾斜力度。統(tǒng)一城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育經(jīng)費(fèi)保障機(jī)制，改善薄弱學(xué)校和寄宿制學(xué)校辦學(xué)條件。支持普惠性幼兒園發(fā)展。辦好特殊教育。加快健全現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育體系，分類推進(jìn)中等職業(yè)教育免除學(xué)雜費(fèi)。對貧困家庭學(xué)生率先免除普通高中學(xué)雜費(fèi)。落實(shí)提高鄉(xiāng)村教師待遇政策。加快推進(jìn)遠(yuǎn)程教育，擴(kuò)大優(yōu)質(zhì)教育資源覆蓋面。提升高校教學(xué)水平和創(chuàng)新能力，推動(dòng)具備條件的普通本科高校向應(yīng)用型轉(zhuǎn)變。繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大重點(diǎn)高校面向貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)村招生規(guī)模，落實(shí)和完善農(nóng)民工隨遷子女在當(dāng)?shù)鼐蛯W(xué)和升學(xué)考試政策。支持和規(guī)范民辦教育發(fā)展。教育要促進(jìn)學(xué)生德智體美全面發(fā)展，注重培養(yǎng)各類高素質(zhì)創(chuàng)新型人才。從家庭到學(xué)校、從政府到社會(huì)，都要為孩子們的安全健康、成長成才擔(dān)起責(zé)任，共同托起明天的希望。

– We will promote fairer access to quality education.

Education is where a country’s future and its people’s hopes and aspirations lie. We will allocate a greater share of funds for public education to the central and western regions and to remote and poor areas. We will unify the urban and rural mechanisms for funding compulsory education and improve conditions in boarding schools and schools which are badly built or poorly operated. We will support the development of kindergartens open to all children. We will see that special needs education is well provided. We will work faster to modernize the vocational education system and, type by type, begin waiving all tuition and miscellaneous fees at schools providing secondary vocational education. Students from families with financial difficulties will be the first to be exempted from tuition and miscellaneous fees at regular senior high schools. The salary and other benefits of teachers in rural areas will be increased. We will move faster to promote distance learning and expand the reach of quality educational resources. Institutions of higher learning should strengthen their teaching and their capacity for innovation. Regular undergraduate institutions will be encouraged to shift their focus toward providing applied education if they are in a position to do so. We will continue to help see the increased enrollment of students from poor rural areas into key colleges, and improve and implement policies enabling children who live with their migrant worker parents to go to secondary school or take college entrance exams in their city of residence. We will support the development of privately run educational institutions and work to ensure they meet all relevant standards.

Education should promote the moral, intellectual, physical, and artistic development of students, and particular attention should be given to fostering all kinds of high-caliber creative talent. Families, schools, governments, and our society as a whole must together shoulder the responsibility of ensuring our children, our hope for tomorrow, are safe, healthy, and can grow up with the opportunity to reach their full potential.

協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)醫(yī)療、醫(yī)保、醫(yī)藥聯(lián)動(dòng)改革。健康是幸福之基。今年要實(shí)現(xiàn)大病保險(xiǎn)全覆蓋，政府加大投入，讓更多大病患者減輕負(fù)擔(dān)。中央財(cái)政安排城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療救助補(bǔ)助資金160億元，增長9.6%。整合城鄉(xiāng)居民基本醫(yī)保制度，財(cái)政補(bǔ)助由每人每年380元提高到420元。改革醫(yī)保支付方式，加快推進(jìn)基本醫(yī)保全國聯(lián)網(wǎng)和異地就醫(yī)結(jié)算。擴(kuò)大公立醫(yī)院綜合改革試點(diǎn)城市范圍，協(xié)同推進(jìn)醫(yī)療服務(wù)價(jià)格、藥品流通等改革。深化藥品醫(yī)療器械審評審批制度改革。加快培養(yǎng)全科醫(yī)生、兒科醫(yī)生。在70%左右的地市開展分級診療試點(diǎn)?；竟残l(wèi)生服務(wù)經(jīng)費(fèi)財(cái)政補(bǔ)助從人均40元提高到45元，促進(jìn)醫(yī)療資源向基層和農(nóng)村流動(dòng)。鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)辦醫(yī)。發(fā)展中醫(yī)藥、民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)。建立健全符合醫(yī)療行業(yè)特點(diǎn)的人事薪酬制度，保護(hù)和調(diào)動(dòng)醫(yī)務(wù)人員積極性。構(gòu)建和諧醫(yī)患關(guān)系。完善一對夫婦可生育兩個(gè)孩子的配套政策。為了人民健康，要加快健全統(tǒng)一權(quán)威的食品藥品安全監(jiān)管體制，嚴(yán)守從農(nóng)田到餐桌、從企業(yè)到醫(yī)院的每一道防線，讓人民群眾飲食用藥安全放心。

– We will advance the coordinated reform of medical services, medical insurance, and the medicine industry.

Health is at the root of happiness. This year, we aim to realize full coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme, and government funding for the scheme will be increased to reduce the financial burdens of more people suffering from serious diseases. The central government will allocate 16 billion yuan to be used in both rural and urban areas for medical assistance and subsidies, an increase of 9.6% over last year. We will merge the basic medical insurance systems for rural and non-working urban residents and raise government subsidies for the scheme from 380 to 420 yuan per capita per annum. We will reform the ways for making medical insurance payouts and expedite the building of a nationwide network for basic medical insurance so that medical expenses can be settled where they are incurred via basic medical insurance accounts.

We will see that more cities participate in piloting comprehensive public hospital reform; move forward in a coordinated way with medical service pricing reform and reform in medicine distribution; and deepen the reform of the evaluation and approval systems for medicines and medical equipment. We will move faster to train general practitioners and pediatricians. We will carry out trials for tiered medical services in around 70% of prefecture-level cities, increase basic annual per capita government subsidies for public health services from 40 to 45 yuan, and see that more medical resources are channeled toward the community level in urban areas and toward rural areas. We will encourage the development of privately run hospitals. We will promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the medical traditions of ethnic minorities. We will establish HR and remuneration systems suited to the medical sector to motivate medical practitioners and protect their enthusiasm. We will work to ensure harmony in the relationship between doctor and patient. We will improve the supporting policies to complement the decision to allow all couples to have two children. To see that the health of our people is protected, we will speed up the development of unified and authoritative safety monitoring systems for food and pharmaceuticals and reinforce every line of defense from the farm to the dining table, and from the enterprise to the hospital. This should ensure that people have access to safe food and medicine and can have confidence in what they are eating and taking.

織密織牢社會(huì)保障安全網(wǎng)。繼續(xù)提高退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。各地要切實(shí)負(fù)起責(zé)任，確保養(yǎng)老金按時(shí)足額發(fā)放。制定劃轉(zhuǎn)部分國有資本充實(shí)社保基金辦法。開展養(yǎng)老服務(wù)業(yè)綜合改革試點(diǎn)，推進(jìn)多種形式的醫(yī)養(yǎng)結(jié)合。落實(shí)臨時(shí)救助、特困人員救助供養(yǎng)等制度，合理確定救助供養(yǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，完善工作機(jī)制。城鄉(xiāng)低保人均補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分別提高5%和8%。加快健全城鄉(xiāng)社會(huì)救助體系，使困難群眾遇急有助、遇困有幫，讓社會(huì)充滿關(guān)愛和溫暖。

– We will build an extensive and tightly woven social safety net.

We will continue to raise basic pension benefits for retirees. Local governments need to fulfill their duties to ensure that pension benefits are paid on time and in full. We will work out methods for putting a portion of state capital into social security funds. Initiatives will be launched to pilot comprehensive reform of the elderly care service industry, and progress should be made in developing a variety of forms of combined medical and care services for the elderly. We will implement the temporary assistance scheme and the system for providing basic assistance to persons living in extreme poverty, appropriately determining how much to grant and improving how it is granted. Per capita subsidies for subsistence allowances in rural and urban areas will be increased by 8% and 5%, respectively. We will speed up the development of social assistance systems so that people with urgent needs have access to assistance and support, helping society become a caring and warm one.

推進(jìn)文化改革發(fā)展。用中國夢和中國特色社會(huì)主義凝聚共識、匯聚力量，培育和踐行社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀，加強(qiáng)愛國主義教育。實(shí)施哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)創(chuàng)新工程，發(fā)展文學(xué)藝術(shù)、新聞出版、廣播影視、檔案等事業(yè)。建設(shè)中國特色新型智庫。加強(qiáng)文物和非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)利用。深化群眾性精神文明創(chuàng)建活動(dòng)，倡導(dǎo)全民閱讀，普及科學(xué)知識，弘揚(yáng)科學(xué)精神，提高國民素質(zhì)和社會(huì)文明程度。促進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)媒體與新興媒體融合發(fā)展。培育健康網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化。深化中外人文交流，加強(qiáng)國際傳播能力建設(shè)。深化文化體制改革，引導(dǎo)公共文化資源向城鄉(xiāng)基層傾斜，推動(dòng)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展，繁榮文化市場，加強(qiáng)文化市場管理。推進(jìn)數(shù)字廣播電視戶戶通。做好北京冬奧會(huì)和冬殘奧會(huì)籌辦工作，倡導(dǎo)全民健身新時(shí)尚。

– We will promote the reform and development of the cultural sector.

We will draw on the Chinese Dream and socialism with Chinese characteristics to build consensus and pool strength, nurture and practice the core socialist values, and make greater efforts to foster patriotism. We will carry out an initiative to encourage innovation in philosophy and the social sciences. We will promote the development of literature and art; the press and publishing; radio, television, and film; and archiving. New types of Chinese think tanks will be developed. China’s cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage will be more effectively protected and put to better use. We will support popular activities which promote cultural and ethical progress. We will work to foster a love of reading in our people, popularize scientific knowledge, promote the spirit of science, improve the overall caliber of the population and raise the level of civility in society. We will promote the integrated development of traditional and new media. We will encourage the development of a healthy online culture. We will work to deepen cultural exchanges with other countries and strengthen our capacity for international communication. We will deepen structural reform of the cultural sector, see that more public cultural resources are made available in rural and urban communities, promote the creative development of the cultural sector, see that markets for cultural products and services flourish, and strengthen regulation of such markets. We will enable more households to enjoy digital broadcasting. We will make thorough preparations for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games and Paralympic Games. We will encourage new trends in popular fitness activities.

加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會(huì)治理。做好基層基礎(chǔ)工作，推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)建設(shè)，促進(jìn)基層民主協(xié)商。支持工會(huì)、共青團(tuán)、婦聯(lián)等群團(tuán)組織參與社會(huì)治理。加快行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)商會(huì)與行政機(jī)關(guān)脫鉤改革，依法規(guī)范發(fā)展社會(huì)組織，支持專業(yè)社會(huì)工作、志愿服務(wù)和慈善事業(yè)發(fā)展。加強(qiáng)社會(huì)信用體系建設(shè)。切實(shí)保障婦女、兒童、殘疾人權(quán)益，加強(qiáng)對農(nóng)村留守兒童和婦女、老人的關(guān)愛服務(wù)。深化司法體制改革，開展法治宣傳教育，啟動(dòng)實(shí)施“七五”普法規(guī)劃，做好法律援助和社區(qū)矯正工作。完善國家網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全保障體系。創(chuàng)新社會(huì)治安綜合治理機(jī)制，以信息化為支撐推進(jìn)社會(huì)治安防控體系建設(shè)，依法懲治違法犯罪行為，嚴(yán)厲打擊暴力恐怖活動(dòng)，增強(qiáng)人民群眾的安全感。改進(jìn)信訪工作，完善多元調(diào)解機(jī)制，有效化解矛盾糾紛，促進(jìn)社會(huì)平安祥和。

– We will strengthen and develop new forms of social governance.

We will make sure foundational work and work at the community level is carried out to proper effect. We will promote urban and rural community development and encourage democratic consultation at the community level. We will support the participation of people’s organizations, such as trade unions, Communist youth league organizations, and women’s federations, in social governance. We will move faster to untie industry associations and chambers of commerce from any connections they still have with the government. Social organizations will be developed and regulated in accordance with the law, and support will be given to the development of specialized social work, volunteer services, and charity. We will step up the development of the social credit system. We will ensure the full protection of the rights and interests of women, children, and people with disabilities, and strengthen support and services provided to the children, women, and elderly who remain in rural areas while their family members work away in the cities. We will deepen the reform of the judicial system, work to raise public awareness of the rule of law, begin to implement the seventh five-year plan for increasing public knowledge of the law, and see that a good job is done in terms of legal aid provision and community corrections. We will improve the national system for cybersecurity. New ways will be developed to improve the mechanisms for maintaining law and order, an IT-based system for crime prevention and control will be developed, unlawful and criminal activities will be punished in accordance with the law, and violent terrorist activities will be dealt with severely. All these steps will ensure people’s security. We will improve on work related to the handling of complaints made by letter or in person and refine the mechanisms for multimodal dispute mediation, so as to address disputes and ensure social peace and harmony.

生命高于一切，安全重于泰山。必須堅(jiān)持不懈抓好安全生產(chǎn)和公共安全，加強(qiáng)安全基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和防災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力建設(shè)，健全監(jiān)測預(yù)警應(yīng)急機(jī)制，提高氣象服務(wù)水平，做好地震、測繪、地質(zhì)等工作。完善和落實(shí)安全生產(chǎn)責(zé)任、管理制度和考核機(jī)制，實(shí)行黨政同責(zé)、一崗雙責(zé)，加大失職追責(zé)力度，嚴(yán)格監(jiān)管執(zhí)法，堅(jiān)決遏制重特大安全事故發(fā)生，切實(shí)保障人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全。

Nothing is more valuable than life, and ensuring public safety is of paramount importance. We must continue our efforts to ensure workplace and public safety, improve safety infrastructure and build capacity to prevent and mitigate disasters, enhance monitoring, early-warning, and emergency response mechanisms, improve meteorological services, and deliver a good performance in seismology, surveying, mapping, and geology. We will improve and implement the system of accountability, management, and evaluation for workplace safety to ensure that both CPC committees and governments are held accountable and that officials take responsibility for workplace safety in performing their duties, and intensify efforts to see that those who fail to uphold safety standards are held accountable. We will tighten oversight and law enforcement to guard against and prevent the occurrence of major workplace accidents and protect the lives and property of our people.

（八）加強(qiáng)政府自身建設(shè)，提高施政能力和服務(wù)水平。重任千鈞惟擔(dān)當(dāng)。面對異常艱巨復(fù)雜的改革發(fā)展任務(wù)，各級政府要深入貫徹落實(shí)新發(fā)展理念，把全面建成小康社會(huì)使命扛在肩上，把萬家憂樂放在心頭，建設(shè)人民滿意的法治政府、創(chuàng)新政府、廉潔政府和服務(wù)型政府。

8. Improve government functions, strengthen our administrative capacity, and deliver quality government services

The most formidable tasks demand the greatest sense of mission. Faced with the onerous and complex tasks of reform and development, we in governments at all levels should follow the new vision on development in our work, bear the weight of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects on our shoulders, keep the people’s wellbeing at the forefront of our minds, and build a law-based, innovative, clean, and service-oriented government that the people are satisfied with.

堅(jiān)持依法履職，把政府活動(dòng)全面納入法治軌道。各級政府及其工作人員要帶頭嚴(yán)格遵守憲法和法律，自覺運(yùn)用法治思維和法治方式推動(dòng)工作，法定職責(zé)必須為，法無授權(quán)不可為。積極推行政府法律顧問制度。深入推進(jìn)政務(wù)公開，充分發(fā)揮傳統(tǒng)媒體、新興媒體作用，利用好網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺，及時(shí)回應(yīng)社會(huì)關(guān)切，使群眾了解政府做什么、怎么做。各級政府要依法接受同級人大及其常委會(huì)的監(jiān)督，自覺接受人民政協(xié)的民主監(jiān)督，接受社會(huì)和輿論監(jiān)督，讓權(quán)力在陽光下運(yùn)行。

– We will ensure that all government duties are performed in accordance with the law and that all government activities are carried out in line with the rule of law.

Governments at all levels and all their employees must take the lead in strictly abiding by the Constitutionand other laws and conscientiously apply rule of law thinking and approaches in their work; they must carry out all statutory functions and duties and may not do anything not authorized by law. We will actively promote the legal consultation system for government. We will intensify efforts to make government operations more open by making use of both traditional and new media including the Internet to respond in a timely manner to social concerns and inform the public about what the government is doing and how. We in governments at all levels must, as required by law, subject ourselves to the oversight of the people’s congresses at the same levels and their standing committees, and we should willingly subject ourselves to the democratic oversight of CPPCC committees, public oversight, and public opinion-based oversight, so as to exercise power in an open and transparent way.

堅(jiān)持廉潔履職，深入推進(jìn)反腐倡廉。認(rèn)真落實(shí)黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)主體責(zé)任，嚴(yán)厲整治各種頂風(fēng)違紀(jì)行為。加強(qiáng)行政監(jiān)察，推進(jìn)審計(jì)全覆蓋。以減權(quán)限權(quán)、創(chuàng)新監(jiān)管等舉措減少尋租空間，鏟除滋生腐敗土壤。推動(dòng)黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)向基層延伸，堅(jiān)決糾正侵害群眾利益的不正之風(fēng)，堅(jiān)定不移懲治腐敗。

– We will ensure that government duties are performed with integrity and intensify efforts to fight corruption.

We will see that leading Party and government officials at all levels assume full responsibility for improving Party conduct and government integrity, and we will severely punish all types of behavior that constitute flagrant violations of discipline. Administrative supervision will be strengthened, and the whole government system will be placed under auditing. Steps will be taken, such as reducing or limiting certain powers and adopting new forms of supervision, to eliminate room for rent-seeking and eradicate the breeding grounds of corruption. We will ensure that efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity are extended right down to the community level, resolutely correct improper conduct that harms the interests of the general public, and punish corruption without fail.

堅(jiān)持勤勉履職，提高執(zhí)行力和公信力。政府工作人員要恪盡職守、夙夜在公，主動(dòng)作為、善謀勇為。深入踐行“三嚴(yán)三實(shí)”，增強(qiáng)政治意識、大局意識、核心意識、看齊意識，加強(qiáng)作風(fēng)和能力建設(shè)，打造高素質(zhì)專業(yè)化的公務(wù)員隊(duì)伍。健全并嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行工作責(zé)任制，確保各項(xiàng)政策和任務(wù)不折不扣落到實(shí)處。健全督查問責(zé)機(jī)制，堅(jiān)決整肅庸政懶政怠政行為，決不允許占著位子不干事。健全激勵(lì)機(jī)制和容錯(cuò)糾錯(cuò)機(jī)制，給改革創(chuàng)新者撐腰鼓勁，讓廣大干部愿干事、敢干事、能干成事。中國改革開放30多年的輝煌成就，就是廣大干部群眾干出來的。

– We will ensure that officials perform their duties diligently, that government decisions are fully implemented, and that the government’s public credibility is improved.

Government workers must take an active approach to their work, carry out effective planning and decisive implementation, fulfill all their duties, and work tirelessly in service of the public. We will practice the Three Stricts and Three Honests; become more aware of the need to uphold political integrity, keep in mind the bigger picture, follow the CPC as the core of the Chinese leadership, act consistently with CPC Central Committee policy; and improve conduct and competence in order to become a contingent of top-performing public servants with a good command of professional expertise. We will improve and strictly enforce the work responsibility system and fully execute all policies and tasks without fail. We will improve oversight and accountability systems, root out incompetence, inertia, and negligence, and show zero tolerance for those who are on the government payroll but do not perform their duties. We will improve incentive mechanisms and mechanisms to allow for and address mistakes, supporting and motivating those who are committed to carrying out reforms and making innovations. This will help ensure that our officials want to act, are not afraid to act, and are able to act and deliver. The remarkable achievements made in China’s reform and opening up over the past 30 plus years are a result of the actions of our people and our officials.

上下同欲者勝。我們要充分發(fā)揮中央和地方兩個(gè)積極性。對真抓實(shí)干成效明顯的地方，在建設(shè)資金安排、新增建設(shè)用地、財(cái)政沉淀資金統(tǒng)籌使用等方面，加大獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)支持力度。鼓勵(lì)各地從實(shí)際出發(fā)干事創(chuàng)業(yè)，形成競相發(fā)展的生動(dòng)局面。

Success belongs to those who share, from top to bottom, in one purpose. We will keep both the central and local governments fully motivated. Localities which work diligently and make notable achievements will receive greater incentives and support in terms of development funds, land designations for new construction projects, and idle budgetary funds made available to them. We will encourage all localities to conduct their work in light of their particular circumstances and create a motivational sense of competition in pursuit of development.

各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,

中華民族是一個(gè)大家庭，促進(jìn)各民族和睦相處、和衷共濟(jì)、和諧發(fā)展，是各族人民的根本利益和共同責(zé)任。要堅(jiān)持中國特色解決民族問題的正確道路，堅(jiān)持和完善民族區(qū)域自治制度，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行黨的民族政策，深入開展民族團(tuán)結(jié)進(jìn)步創(chuàng)建活動(dòng)，推動(dòng)建立各民族相互嵌入式的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)和社區(qū)環(huán)境，促進(jìn)各民族交往交流交融。落實(shí)促進(jìn)民族地區(qū)發(fā)展的差別化支持政策，加強(qiáng)對口幫扶，保護(hù)和發(fā)展少數(shù)民族優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化及特色村鎮(zhèn)，加大扶持人口較少民族發(fā)展力度，大力實(shí)施興邊富民行動(dòng)，讓全國各族人民共同邁向全面小康社會(huì)。

First, all the people of China are of one family. Helping the people of all our ethnic groups to live together, share in a common cause, and develop in harmony is in the fundamental interests of us all, and is our joint responsibility. We will stick to the Chinese way-the right way-of managing ethnic issues, and uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy. We will follow closely the Party’s policies concerning ethnic groups, launch extensive activities to promote ethnic unity and progress, facilitate the development of a social structure and a community environment in which different ethnic groups are integrated, and promote interaction, communication, and integration between ethnic groups. We will implement differentiated policies in support of the development of areas with concentrations of ethnic minorities, offer assistance through pairing programs, and protect and develop the fine traditional cultures of ethnic minorities and towns and villages rich in ethnic heritage. We will step up support for the development of ethnic groups with smaller populations and boost efforts to promote the development of the border regions to improve the lives of the people there. In short, we will ensure that all the people of China work together for a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

我們要全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，堅(jiān)持依法管理宗教事務(wù)，促進(jìn)宗教關(guān)系和諧，發(fā)揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中的積極作用。

We will fully implement the Party’s basic policy on religion, regulate religious affairs in accordance with the law, promote harmonious relations between religions, and see that religious leaders and believers are actively involved in promoting economic and social development.

我們要認(rèn)真落實(shí)僑務(wù)政策，依法維護(hù)海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷的合法權(quán)益，充分發(fā)揮他們的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢和重要作用，不斷增強(qiáng)海內(nèi)外中華兒女的向心力。

We will implement our policies on work related to overseas Chinese, and work in accordance with the law to safeguard the lawful rights and interests of overseas Chinese nationals, Chinese nationals who have returned to China from overseas, and the relatives of overseas Chinese nationals who live in China. We will give full expression to their unique strengths and important roles, rally their support, and strengthen the bonds of attachment and affection of all Chinese, whether at home or overseas, to our motherland.

各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,

過去一年，國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)取得顯著成效。新的一年，要緊緊圍繞實(shí)現(xiàn)黨在新形勢下的強(qiáng)軍目標(biāo)，深入推進(jìn)政治建軍、改革強(qiáng)軍、依法治軍，全面加強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)革命化現(xiàn)代化正規(guī)化建設(shè)，堅(jiān)決維護(hù)國家安全。堅(jiān)持黨對軍隊(duì)絕對領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的根本原則和制度，落實(shí)古田全軍政治工作會(huì)議精神。統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)各方向各領(lǐng)域軍事斗爭準(zhǔn)備，嚴(yán)密組織日常戰(zhàn)備和邊?？辗拦芸?。加強(qiáng)后勤保障和裝備發(fā)展。穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)指揮體制改革，部署展開軍隊(duì)規(guī)模結(jié)構(gòu)和政策制度等改革。提高軍隊(duì)建設(shè)法治化水平。建設(shè)現(xiàn)代化武裝警察部隊(duì)。加強(qiáng)全民國防教育和國防動(dòng)員建設(shè)。推動(dòng)重要領(lǐng)域軍民融合深度發(fā)展，在重要基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)中充分考慮國防需求。發(fā)展國防科技工業(yè)。各級政府要大力支持國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)，走出一條新時(shí)期魚水情深的軍政軍民團(tuán)結(jié)之路。

Second, last year saw significant progress in strengthening national defense and the armed forces. This year, in keeping with the Party’s goal of building strong armed forces under new conditions, we will boost efforts to build the armed forces through political work and reform, and run them by law. We will work to make the military more revolutionary, modern, and well-structured in every respect, and remain committed to safeguarding national security. We will uphold the fundamental principle and institution of the Party having absolute leadership over the armed forces, and put into practice the guiding principles adopted at the military’s meeting on political work held in Gutian, Fujian. We will strengthen in a coordinated way military preparedness on all fronts and for all scenarios, and work meticulously to ensure combat readiness and border, coastal, and air defense control. We will step up the development of logistics and equipment. We will make steady progress in reforming military leadership and command structures, and launch reform of the military’s size and structure as well as its policies and institutions. We will ensure law-based development of the armed forces. We will modernize the armed police force. Public awareness about the importance of national defense and national defense mobilization will be strengthened. Closer military-civilian integration will be promoted in important fields, and full consideration will be given to defense needs in the development of important infrastructure. We will develop defense-related science, technology, and industries. Governments at all levels should give full support to strengthening national defense and the armed forces, and we should strive to forge an ever closer bond between the military and the government and between the military and the people in this new era.

各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,

我們將全面準(zhǔn)確貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，嚴(yán)格依照憲法和基本法辦事。全力支持香港、澳門特別行政區(qū)行政長官和政府依法施政。發(fā)揮港澳獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢，提升港澳在國家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和對外開放中的地位和功能。深化內(nèi)地與港澳合作，促進(jìn)港澳提升自身競爭力。我們相信，香港、澳門一定會(huì)保持長期繁榮穩(wěn)定。

Third, we will implement, both to the letter and in spirit, the principles of “one country, two systems,” the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong, the people of Macao governing Macao, and both regions enjoying a high degree of autonomy, and we will act in strict compliance with China’s Constitution and the basic laws of the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions. We pledge our full support to the chief executives and governments of the two regions as they conduct governance in accordance with their respective laws. We will give expression to the distinctive strengths of Hong Kong and Macao, and elevate their positions and roles in China’s economic development and opening up. We will work to deepen cooperation between the mainland and these two regions and help Hong Kong and Macao strengthen their competitiveness. We are convinced that Hong Kong and Macao will maintain long-term prosperity and stability.

我們要繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持對臺工作大政方針，堅(jiān)持“九二共識”政治基礎(chǔ)，堅(jiān)決反對“臺獨(dú)”分裂活動(dòng)，維護(hù)國家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整，維護(hù)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展和臺海和平穩(wěn)定。推進(jìn)兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)融合發(fā)展。促進(jìn)兩岸文教、科技等領(lǐng)域交流，加強(qiáng)兩岸基層和青年交流。我們將秉持“兩岸一家親”理念，同臺灣同胞共擔(dān)民族大義，共享發(fā)展機(jī)遇，攜手構(gòu)建兩岸命運(yùn)共同體。

We will remain committed to our major policies on Taiwan, uphold the 1992 Consensusas the political foundation, resolutely oppose separatist activities for the independence of Taiwan, safeguard China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, maintain the peaceful growth of cross-Straits relations, and safeguard peace and stability in the Taiwan Straits. We will strive to make progress in cross-Straits economic integration. We will encourage cultural, educational, scientific, and technological exchanges and help strengthen exchanges between ordinary people and the younger generation between both sides of the Straits. Guided by the conviction that people on both sides of the Straits belong to one and the same family, we will share with our fellow countrymen and women in Taiwan both the responsibility of the Chinese nation and opportunities for development and jointly build a cross-Straits community of common destiny.

各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,

我們將繼續(xù)高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作、共贏的旗幟，踐行中國特色大國外交理念，維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益。辦好在我國舉行的二十國集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會(huì)，推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)創(chuàng)新增長，完善全球經(jīng)濟(jì)金融治理。加強(qiáng)與各主要大國協(xié)調(diào)合作，建設(shè)良性互動(dòng)、合作共贏的大國關(guān)系。秉持親誠惠容的周邊外交理念，與地區(qū)國家持久和平相處、聯(lián)動(dòng)融合發(fā)展。深化南南合作、促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展，維護(hù)發(fā)展中國家正當(dāng)合法權(quán)益。建設(shè)性參與解決全球性和熱點(diǎn)問題。加快海外利益保護(hù)能力建設(shè)，切實(shí)保護(hù)我國公民和法人安全。中國愿與國際社會(huì)一道，為人類和平與發(fā)展事業(yè)不懈努力！

Finally, we will continue to hold aloft the banner of peace, development, cooperation, and mutual benefit, practice the distinctive vision guiding China in conducting its diplomacy as a major country, and safeguard its sovereignty, security, and developmental interests. We will host the G20 leaders’ summit to promote innovative growth in the global economy and improve global economic and financial governance. We will step up coordination and cooperation with all other major countries and develop with them relations characterized by positive interaction and win-win cooperation. Guided by the policy of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit, and inclusiveness in developing relations with our neighbors, we will work with other countries in our region to maintain lasting peaceful relations and coordinated and integrated development. We will help deepen South-South cooperation, promote common development, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of developing countries. We will participate constructively in solving global and sensitive issues. We will move faster to strengthen our capacity for safeguarding China’s overseas interests and protect the safety of Chinese nationals and legal persons. China will work tirelessly with the rest of the international community to promote the peace and development of all of humanity.

各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,

奮斗才能贏得未來。讓我們更加緊密地團(tuán)結(jié)在以習(xí)近平同志為總書記的黨中央周圍，凝心聚力，奮發(fā)進(jìn)取，努力完成今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展目標(biāo)任務(wù)，確保全面建成小康社會(huì)決勝階段良好開局，為建成富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧的社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化國家、實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的中國夢作出新的貢獻(xiàn)！

Our future can be secured only through hard work. Let us rally closer around the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping and, working together and remaining of one mind, strive to fulfill this year’s economic and social development tasks and targets. Let us thus make a good start to the decisive stage of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and make new contributions to turning China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious and to achieving the Chinese Dream of the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.